Combined effect of low-risk dietary and lifestyle behaviors in primary prevention of myocardial infarction in women
Combined effect of low-risk dietary and lifestyle behaviors in primary prevention of myocardial infarction in women
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DOI：
10.1001/archinte.167.19.2122
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发表时间：
2007-10-22
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Wolk, Alicja
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Akesson, Agneta;Weismayer, Christoph;Wolk, Alicja
背景：关于健康饮食和生活方式相结合对预防女性心肌梗死(MI)的益处的数据有限。方法：我们使用因子分析来确定24444名绝经后妇女基于行为的低风险饮食模式，这些妇女来自基于人群的前瞻性瑞典乳房X光摄影队列，她们在基线(1997年9月15日)没有被诊断为癌症、心血管疾病和糖尿病。我们还定义了3个低风险生活方式因素：不吸烟、腰臀比小于第75个百分位数(<；0.85)、经常锻炼(每天步行或骑自行车至少40分钟，每周锻炼1小时)。结果：在6.2年(151 434人年)的随访中，我们确定了308例原发性MI。两种主要的饮食模式，“健康”和“酒精”，与降低心肌梗塞的风险显著相关。与没有任何低风险饮食和生活方式因素的女性相比，低风险饮食(健康饮食模式得分高)的特征是大量摄入蔬菜、水果、全谷物、鱼和豆类，结合适度饮酒(每天5克酒精)，以及三种低风险生活方式行为，风险降低92%(95%可信区间，72%-98%)。这种健康行为的组合，存在于5%，可以在研究人群中预防77%的误诊。结论：大多数女性误诊是可以通过健康饮食和适量饮酒、体育锻炼、不吸烟和保持健康体重来预防的。
Background: Limited data are available on the benefit of combining healthy dietary and lifestyle behaviors in the prevention of myocardial infarction (MI) in women.Methods: We used factor analysis to identify a lowrisk behavior - based dietary pattern in 24 444 postmenopausal women from the population- based prospective Swedish Mammography Cohort who were free of diagnosed cancer, cardiovascular disease, and diabetes mellitus at baseline (September 15, 1997). We also defined 3 low- risk lifestyle factors: nonsmoking, waist- hip ratio less than the 75th percentile (< 0.85), and being physically active (at least 40 minutes of daily walking or bicycling and 1 hour of weekly exercise).Results: During 6.2 years (151 434 person- years) of followup, we ascertained 308 cases of primary MI. Two major identified dietary patterns, "healthy" and "alcohol," were significantly associated with decreased risk of MI. The low- risk diet (high scores for the healthy dietary pattern) characterized by a high intake of vegetables, fruit, whole grains, fish, and legumes, in combination with moderate alcohol consumption (>= 5 g of alcohol per day), along with the 3 low-risk lifestyle behaviors, was associated with 92% decreased risk (95% confidence interval, 72%- 98%) compared with findings in women without any low-risk diet and lifestyle factors. This combination of healthy behaviors, present in 5%, may prevent 77% of MIs in the study population.Conclusion: Most MIs in women may be preventable by consuming a healthy diet and moderate amounts of alcohol, being physically active, not smoking, and maintaining a healthy weight.