Epidemiological impact of vaccination on the dynamics of two childhood diseases in rural Senegal
Epidemiological impact of vaccination on the dynamics of two childhood diseases in rural Senegal
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DOI：
10.1016/j.micinf.2004.12.018
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发表时间：
2005-04-01
影响因子：
5.8
通讯作者：
Rohani, P
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Broutin, H;Mantilla-Beniers, NB;Rohani, P
麻疹和百日咳是普遍存在的疫苗可预防的疾病，仍然是发展中国家的一个重要公共卫生问题。因此，深入了解其传播动态仍然是当务之急。为了实现这一目标，我们在塞内加尔农村社区的个人和人群水平的疫苗接种的影响进行了比较。这项研究是在热带条件下进行的第一次此类比较研究，也是与发达国家疾病动态研究的一个比较点。感染传播率的变化反映在接种疫苗前后计算的平均感染年龄和基本生殖比率上。我们探讨了两种感染的持续性与每个村庄的人口规模的关系，并发现了整个地区的流行期，使用小波分析。正如流行病学理论所预测的那样，我们观察到这两种疾病的平均感染年龄增加，生殖比率下降。我们表明，在疫苗接种前和疫苗接种时期，持久性取决于人口规模。接种疫苗后，鹿病持续时间延长，疫情间隔期延长。观察到的变化表明，接种麻疹和百日咳疫苗导致其传播下降。还观察到与英格兰和威尔士等温带地区的疾病动态相似。(c)2005年，Elsevier SAS。All rights reserved.
Measles and pertussis are ubiquitous vaccine-preventable diseases, which remain an important public health problem in developing countries. Hence, developing a deep understanding of their transmission dynamics remains imperative. To achieve this, we compared the impact of vaccination at both individual and population levels in a Senegalese rural community. This study represents the first such comparative study in tropical conditions and constitutes a point of comparison with other studies of disease dynamics in developed countries. Changes in the transmission rates of infections are reflected in their mean ages at infection and basic reproductive ratio calculated before and after vaccination. We explored persistence of both infections in relation to population size in each village and found the inter-epidemic period for the whole area using wavelets analysis. As predicted by epidemiological theory, we observed an increase in the mean age at infection and a decrease in the reproductive ratio of both diseases. We showed for both the pre- vaccination and vaccine eras that persistence depends on population size. After vaccination, persistence deer-cased and the inter-epidemic period increased. The observed changes suggest that vaccination against p measles and pertussis induced a drop in their transmission. Similarities in disease dynamics to those of temperate regions such as England and Wales were also observed. (c) 2005 Elsevier SAS. All rights reserved.