Low-Cost Sustainable Technologies for the Production of Clean Drinking Water—A Review *
Low-Cost Sustainable Technologies for the Production of Clean Drinking Water—A Review *
复制标题
用于生产清洁饮用水的低成本可持续技术——综述*
DOI：
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发表时间：
2014
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Bangladesh
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Dhaka.;Tsukuba;Thanyaburi;Bangladesh
水一直是人类赖以生存的重要饮品，对所有已知生物的生存都至关重要。在世界大部分地区，人类获得饮用水的机会不足，使用的水被病媒、病原体或不可接受的毒素或悬浮固体污染。饮用这种水或在食品制备中使用这种水会导致广泛的急性和慢性疾病，并且是许多国家死亡和痛苦的主要原因。据联合国估计，超过20亿人无法获得安全用水，近8亿人甚至缺乏最基本的清洁水供应。主要问题是净水系统的可负担性。许多人依赖沸水或瓶装水，这些水可能很贵。因此，需要具有成本效益、可持续、易于操作/维护的技术以及使用当地可用材料的处理过程。本文讨论了几种独特的低成本可持续技术，如自然过滤、河岸过滤、生物沙过滤、膜过滤、太阳能水消毒技术、生物可降解材料如辣木粉、扇贝粉处理和生物沙罐处理。
Water has always been an important and life-sustaining drink to humans and is essential to the survival of all known organisms. Over large parts of the world, humans have inadequate access to drinking water and use water contaminated with disease vectors, pathogens or unacceptable levels of toxins or suspended solids. Drinking such water or using it in food preparation leads to widespread, acute and chronic illnesses and is a major cause of death and misery in many countries. The UN estimates that over 2.0 billion people have limited access to safe water and nearly 800 million people lack even the most basic supply of clean water. The main issue is the affordability of water purifying systems. Many people rely on boiling water or bottled water, which can be expensive. Therefore, technologies that are cost effective, sustainable, ease of operation/maintenance and the treatment processes with locally available materials are required. In this article, some unique low-cost sustainable technologies available/or in-use, i.e. natural filtration, riverbank filtration, biosand filtration, membrane filtration, solar water disinfection technique, biologically degradable materials such as moringa powder, scallop powder treatment, and biosand pitcher treatments have been discussed.