Abandoning the ship using sex, dispersal or dormancy: multiple escape routes from challenging conditions
Abandoning the ship using sex, dispersal or dormancy: multiple escape routes from challenging conditions
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DOI：
10.1098/rstb.2017.0424
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发表时间：
2018-10-05
影响因子：
6.3
通讯作者：
Kokko, Hanna
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gerber, Nina;Kokko, Hanna
自然种群经常经历在空间和时间上变化的环境，导致基因型适合度的时空变化。如果当地条件差，生物体可以在空间（物理运动）或时间（休眠，滞育）中分散。兼性生物可以在无性生殖和有性生殖之间转换，因此有第三种选择来应对适应不良：它们可以在不利的条件下进行有性生殖（“放弃”反应）。在兼性生物中，有性生殖通常伴随着扩散和/或休眠，而赌注对冲理论乍一看预测性、扩散和休眠是负协变的，因为它们代表了不同的逃避机制，可以相互替代。在这里，我们简要地回顾了性别，休眠和传播之间的联系，并模拟预期的协变模式的传播，休眠和生殖模式的背景下，当地适应时空波动的环境。性别、休眠和扩散之间的相关性在物种内部和物种之间的演变是不同的。不同的风险分散策略不能完全互换，因为每一种策略都有动态的后果，可以反馈到其他策略的盈利能力中。我们的研究结果揭示了以前的理论预测之间的差异，共变的风险传播性状，并帮助解释为什么性往往与其他手段逃避不利situation.This文章的主题问题的一部分“连接本地适应与性别差异的演变”。
Natural populations often experience environments that vary across space and over time, leading to spatio-temporal variation of the fitness of a genotype. If local conditions are poor, organisms can disperse in space (physical movement) or time (dormancy, diapause). Facultatively sexual organisms can switch between asexual and sexual reproduction, and thus have a third option available to deal with maladaptedness: they can engage in sexual reproduction in unfavourable conditions (an 'abandon-ship' response). Sexual reproduction in facultatively sexual organisms is often coupled with dispersal and/or dormancy, while bet-hedging theory at first sight predicts sex, dispersal and dormancy to covary negatively, as they represent different escape mechanisms that could substitute for each other. Here we briefly review the observed links between sex, dormancy and dispersal, and model the expected covariation patterns of dispersal, dormancy and the reproductive mode in the context of local adaptation to spatio-temporally fluctuating environments. The correlations between sex, dormancy and dispersal evolve differently within species versus across species. Various risk-spreading strategies are not completely interchangeable, as each has dynamic consequences that can feed back into the profitability of others. Our results shed light on the discrepancy between previous theoretical predictions on covarying risk-spreading traits and help explain why sex often associates with other means of escaping unfavourable situations.This article is part of the theme issue 'Linking local adaptation with the evolution of sex differences'.