Benzene and Haze Formation in the Polar Atmosphere of Jupiter
Benzene and Haze Formation in the Polar Atmosphere of Jupiter
复制标题
木星极地大气中的苯和雾霾的形成
DOI：
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发表时间：
2003
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
A. Friedson
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
A. Wong;Y. Yung;A. Friedson
木星有一个巨大的磁层，偶尔会将大量能量沉淀到极地大气中，从而产生强烈的极光[Clarke et al., 1996；Grodent et al., 2000]。这种能量涌入的一个重要后果是产生黑霾[Pryor和Hord， 1991]，其形成机制迄今尚不清楚。最近对木星上苯的观测[bsamzard等人，2001；Flasar， 2002]为重烃气溶胶形成的化学和气溶胶模型提供了新的线索。化学反应开始于高能粒子对甲烷的破坏，随后是中性和离子反应，最终形成苯和其他复杂的碳氢化合物，包括随后凝聚的多环化合物。极光产生的高温和有效的涡流混合促进了重碳氢化合物和气溶胶的形成。这一机制可能与土星和系外巨行星的大气有关，并且是行星磁层如何影响上层大气的化学成分和气候强迫的一个例子。
Jupiter has a large magnetosphere that episodically precipitates large amounts of energy into the polar atmosphere, giving rise to intense auroras [ Clarke et al., 1996 ; Grodent et al., 2000 ]. An important consequence of this energy influx is the production of a dark haze [ Pryor and Hord, 1991 ], the formation mechanism of which was hitherto poorly known. Recent observations of benzene on Jupiter [ Bézard et al., 2001 ; Flasar, 2002 ] provide new clues for a chemical and aerosol model for the formation of heavy hydrocarbon aerosols. The chemistry begins with the destruction of methane by energetic particles, followed by neutral and ion reactions, ultimately leading to the formation of benzene and other complex hydrocarbons, including multi‐ring compounds which subsequently condense. High temperatures and effective eddy mixing engendered by the auroras enhance the formation of heavy hydrocarbons and aerosols. This mechanism may be relevant in the atmospheres of Saturn and extrasolar giant planets, and is an example of how a planetary magnetosphere may influence the chemical composition and climate forcing of the upper atmosphere.