Modeling Lightning Impact Thermo-Mechanical Damage on Composite Materials
Modeling Lightning Impact Thermo-Mechanical Damage on Composite Materials
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DOI：
10.1007/s10443-013-9377-9
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发表时间：
2014-02-01
影响因子：
2.3
通讯作者：
LLorca, Javier
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Munoz, Raul;Delgado, Sofia;LLorca, Javier
碳纤维增强聚合物与传统的铝合金材料相比，具有优异的强度重量比，可用于飞机的主要结构，目前已被认为是成熟的结构材料。近几十年来，碳复合材料的使用范围不断扩大，几家飞机制造商提供的机身完全由碳复合材料制成，并采用先进的加工技术。然而，与铝合金竞争对手相比，使用这种复合材料的主要缺点之一是其导电性差，导致雷击在飞机的使用寿命期间被认为是一个重大威胁。传统上，这个问题通过使用保护性铜/青铜网来克服，该保护性铜/青铜网增加了额外的重量并降低了材料的使用效率。此外，这种传统的尺寸确定方法是基于大量的实验活动进行的复合板模拟雷击事件。虽然这种方法已经证明了其有效性，并且对于结构的认证是必要的，但是它可以在基于物理的数值模型的帮助下进行优化。本文提出了一种基于有限元方法的模型，该模型包括在雷击中观察到的损伤源，例如由焦耳过热引起的热损伤和由附着点周围的电弧引起的电磁/声压。该模型的结果进行了比较与雷击实验中进行的碳编织复合材料。
Carbon fiber-reinforced polymers, used in primary structures for aircraft due to an excellent strength-to-weight ratio when compared with conventional aluminium alloy counterparts, may nowadays be considered as mature structural materials. Their use has been extended in recent decades, with several aircraft manufacturers delivering fuselages entirely manufactured with carbon composites and using advanced processing technologies. However, one of the main drawbacks of using such composites entails their poor electrical conductivity when compared with aluminium alloy competitors that leads to lightning strikes being considered a significant threat during the service life of the aircraft. Traditionally, this problem was overcome with the use of a protective copper/bronze mesh that added additional weight and reduced the effectiveness of use of the material. Moreover, this traditional sizing method is based on vast experimental campaigns carried out by subjecting composite panels to simulated lightning strike events. While this method has proven its validity, and is necessary for certification of the structure, it may be optimized with the aid provided by physically based numerical models. This paper presents a model based on the finite element method that includes the sources of damage observed in a lightning strike, such as thermal damage caused by Joule overheating and electromagnetic/acoustic pressures induced by the arc around the attachment points. The results of the model are compared with lightning strike experiments carried out in a carbon woven composite.