TaADF4, an actin‐depolymerizing factor from wheat, is required for resistance to the stripe rust pathogen Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici
TaADF4, an actin‐depolymerizing factor from wheat, is required for resistance to the stripe rust pathogen Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici
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DOI：
10.1111/tpj.13459
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发表时间：
2017-03
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Bing Zhang;Y. Hua;Juan Wang;Y. Huo;M. Shimono;B. Day;Q. Ma
中科院分区：
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作者：
Bing Zhang;Y. Hua;Juan Wang;Y. Huo;M. Shimono;B. Day;Q. Ma
植物肌动蛋白丝的组装是一个动态的过程，需要超过75个肌动蛋白结合蛋白的活性。肌动蛋白解聚因子（adf）家族是调节肌动蛋白丝组装和稳定性的核心，其主要功能是调节肌动蛋白丝的切断和解聚。近年来，ADF蛋白的活性与各种细胞过程有关，包括与应激反应相关的细胞过程。在此，小麦ADF基因，TaADF 4，鉴定和表征。TaADF 4编码一个139个氨基酸的蛋白质，含有5个F-肌动蛋白结合位点和2个G-肌动蛋白结合位点，并在植物中与小麦肌动蛋白1（TaACT 1）相互作用。分别用茉莉酸、脱落酸或条锈菌无毒小种CYR 23处理小麦后，对小麦条锈菌的生理生化特性进行了研究。结果表明，TaADF 4 mRNA的表达量在转基因菌株中迅速增加，在转基因菌株中TaADF 4 mRNA的表达量迅速增加。有趣的是，TaADF 4 mRNA的积累减少了接种的毒力种族，CYR 31。TaADF 4的沉默导致对CYR 23的易感性增强，证明了TaADF 4在防御信号传导中的作用。使用基于药理学的方法，再加上对病原体感染的宿主反应的分析，我们观察到用肌动蛋白修饰剂latrunculin B处理植物增强对CYR 23的抗性，包括增加活性氧的产生和增强局部超敏细胞死亡。总之，这些数据支持TaADF 4通过调节肌动蛋白细胞骨架组织来积极调节小麦中的植物免疫的假设。
Actin filament assembly in plants is a dynamic process, requiring the activity of more than 75 actin-binding proteins. Central to the regulation of filament assembly and stability is the activity of a conserved family of actin-depolymerizing factors (ADFs), whose primarily function is to regulate the severing and depolymerization of actin filaments. In recent years, the activity of ADF proteins has been linked to a variety of cellular processes, including those associated with response to stress. Herein, a wheat ADF gene, TaADF4, was identified and characterized. TaADF4 encodes a 139-amino-acid protein containing five F-actin-binding sites and two G-actin-binding sites, and interacts with wheat (Triticum aestivum) Actin1 (TaACT1), in planta. Following treatment of wheat, separately, with jasmonic acid, abscisic acid or with the avirulent race, CYR23, of the stripe rust pathogen Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici, we observed a rapid induction in accumulation of TaADF4 mRNA. Interestingly, accumulation of TaADF4 mRNA was diminished in response to inoculation with a virulent race, CYR31. Silencing of TaADF4 resulted in enhanced susceptibility to CYR23, demonstrating a role for TaADF4 in defense signaling. Using a pharmacological-based approach, coupled with an analysis of host response to pathogen infection, we observed that treatment of plants with the actin-modifying agent latrunculin B enhanced resistance to CYR23, including increased production of reactive oxygen species and enhancement of localized hypersensitive cell death. Taken together, these data support the hypothesis that TaADF4 positively modulates plant immunity in wheat via the modulation of actin cytoskeletal organization.