The Perfect Burrow, but for What? Identifying Local Habitat Conditions Promoting the Presence of the Host and Vector Species in the Kazakh Plague System.
The Perfect Burrow, but for What? Identifying Local Habitat Conditions Promoting the Presence of the Host and Vector Species in the Kazakh Plague System.
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完美的洞穴，但是什么呢？确定促进哈萨克鼠疫系统中宿主和载体物种的存在的当地栖息地条件。
DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0136962
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发表时间：
2015
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Begon M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Levick B;Laudisoit A;Wilschut L;Addink E;Ageyev V;Yeszhanov A;Sapozhnikov V;Belayev A;Davydova T;Eagle S;Begon M
多年来，哈萨克斯坦沙漠中的野生动物鼠疫系统一直是一个研究课题。在制定一种预测疾病爆发（革兰氏阴性细菌鼠疫耶尔森氏菌感染）的方法方面取得了很大进展，但现有方法还不够准确，无法为公共卫生规划提供信息。本研究旨在确定与大沙鼠和优势蚤媒介（客蚤属）相关的个体哺乳动物宿主（大沙鼠）洞穴的特征，并可能预测大沙鼠和优势蚤媒介（客蚤属）的存在。在四个季节，洞穴的特点，他们目前的占用状态，跳蚤和蜱负担的居住者记录在外地。第二个数据集是通过记录特定洞穴在多个场合的占用状态而产生的长期占用趋势。广义线性混合模型的构建，以确定潜在的洞穴属性预测无论是占用或跳蚤负担。在洞穴水平，它被确定为一个洞穴被占用的Rhombomys，并保持占用，都有关的沉积物中的洞穴建造的特性。发现洞内沙鼠的蚤负荷与蜱负荷有关。进一步更大规模的属性也被确定为相关的Rhombomys和跳蚤的存在，包括纬度位置和季节。因此，在推进我们目前对哈萨克斯坦鼠疫的预测时，我们必须考虑当地的景观，以提高我们预测沙鼠和跳蚤种群动态的准确性。此外，这表明，在其他人畜共患病系统中，在这种精细尺度上考虑宿主和媒介物种的适宜栖息地的分布和位置可能是有用的，以准确预测未来的动物流行病。
The wildlife plague system in the Pre-Balkhash desert of Kazakhstan has been a subject of study for many years. Much progress has been made in generating a method of predicting outbreaks of the disease (infection by the gram negative bacterium Yersinia pestis) but existing methods are not yet accurate enough to inform public health planning. The present study aimed to identify characteristics of individual mammalian host (Rhombomys opimus) burrows related to and potentially predictive of the presence of R.opimus and the dominant flea vectors (Xenopsylla spp.). Over four seasons, burrow characteristics, their current occupancy status, and flea and tick burden of the occupants were recorded in the field. A second data set was generated of long term occupancy trends by recording the occupancy status of specific burrows over multiple occasions. Generalised linear mixed models were constructed to identify potential burrow properties predictive of either occupancy or flea burden. At the burrow level, it was identified that a burrow being occupied by Rhombomys, and remaining occupied, were both related to the characteristics of the sediment in which the burrow was constructed. The flea burden of Rhombomys in a burrow was found to be related to the tick burden. Further larger scale properties were also identified as being related to both Rhombomys and flea presence, including latitudinal position and the season. Therefore, in advancing our current predictions of plague in Kazakhstan, we must consider the landscape at this local level to increase our accuracy in predicting the dynamics of gerbil and flea populations. Furthermore this demonstrates that in other zoonotic systems, it may be useful to consider the distribution and location of suitable habitat for both host and vector species at this fine scale to accurately predict future epizootics.