Measurement of Military Combat Exposure Among Women: Analysis and Implications
Measurement of Military Combat Exposure Among Women: Analysis and Implications
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DOI：
10.1016/j.whi.2011.04.020
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发表时间：
2011-07-01
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
Sternke, Lisa Marie
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Sternke, Lisa Marie
目的：要检查使用的战斗暴露测量仪器，因为越南战争，确定这些仪器是如何开发和心理测试，如果他们是适合使用的女性退伍军人暴露于combaty.Methods：文献搜索文章有关战斗暴露仪器，他们的发展，和他们的心理测量性能的妇女进行了几个电子数据库。有限的MeSH主题标题需要关键词搜索，如战斗压力，战争创伤和部署压力。工具被选中进行分析的基础上，他们列入战斗和战斗相关的创伤事件measurements.Results：8仪器保留了关键的评估。大多数工具都是根据越南战争到海湾战争期间男性退伍军人的战斗经验开发和验证的。所找到的仪器解释了它们的方法发展，并指出了所测量的接触类型。大多数的信度测量是可以接受的，效度建立在不同程度上，用不同的方法。所有工具的局限性，包括回顾性自我报告，潜在的回忆错误，无法验证个人曝光objectives.Conclusion：女性退伍军人的发展和心理测试的战斗暴露仪器，表明男性性别偏见，在大多数战斗措施的代表性大大不足。只有两个文书在其验证样本中使用了女退伍军人，六个文书使用了不分性别的术语。针对特定军事冲突与男性退伍军人一起开发和验证的工具可能无法反映女性的战斗经验。爱思唯尔公司出版
Purpose: To examine combat exposure measurement instruments utilized since the Vietnam War, determine how these instruments were developed and psychometrically tested, and if they are appropriate for use with women veterans exposed to combat.Methods: A literature search for articles concerning combat exposure instruments, their development, and their psychometric properties in relation to women was conducted in several electronic databases. Limited MeSH subject headings required keyword searches with terms such as combat stress, war trauma, and deployment stressors. Instruments were selected for analysis based on their inclusion of combat and combat-related traumatic event measures.Results: Eight instruments were retained for critical appraisal. The majority of instruments were developed and validated based on male veterans' combat experiences from the Vietnam War through the Gulf War. Located instruments explained their methodological development and indicated the type of exposure being measured. Reliability measures for the majority were acceptable, and validity was established to varying degrees and with different methods. Limitations of all instruments included retrospective self-reporting, potential recall error, and the inability to validate individual exposure objectively.Conclusion: Women veterans are substantially under-represented in the development and psychometric testing of combat exposure instruments, indicating a male gender bias in most combat measures. Only two instruments utilized women veterans in their validation samples, and six instruments used gender-neutral terminology. Instruments developed and validated with male veterans for specific military conflicts may not reflect the combat experiences of women. Published by Elsevier Inc.