Long-Term Production and Profitability From Grazing Cattle in the Northern Mixed Grass Prairie
Long-Term Production and Profitability From Grazing Cattle in the Northern Mixed Grass Prairie
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DOI：
10.2111/rem-d-09-00042.1
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发表时间：
2010-03-01
影响因子：
2.3
通讯作者：
Janssen, Larry L.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Dunn, Barry H.;Smart, Alexander J.;Janssen, Larry L.
牧场专业人士的传统观点是，为了放牧牲畜经营的长期可持续性，牧场应保持在从高到低的优良范围条件。我们的目标是使用 34 年期间（1969-2002 年）在南达科他州西部混草草原的 Clayey 牧场放牧时生成的数据来分析生产参数、成本、回报和利润，这些数据采用可变载畜率，以维持牧场处于低公平、良好和优良的牧场条件等级。在出栏时和放牧季节结束时测量牛的体重。总收入。 ha(-1) 是增益 的乘积。公顷(-1) 和价格。价格基于历史国家农业统计服务饲养牛价格。年度可变成本是使用南达科他州立大学农业经济学家制定的一岁牛预算进行估算的。使用劳工统计局的消费者价格指数将所有经济价值调整为固定美元。饲养率、平均日增重、总增重、净利润、总收入、年成本。 ha(-1) 在范围条件类别之间变化。低公平范围条件 ($27.61 . ha(-1)) 和良好范围条件 ($29.43 . ha(-1)) 的净收入没有差异，但均高于优秀范围条件 ($23.01 . ha(-1))。在研究的整个过程中，低公平和良好治疗的实际利润（根据通货膨胀调整）稳步增长，而优质治疗的实际利润保持在水平上。对于三种处理方法来说，干旱和潮湿的泉水对利润的影响都没有不同。这些结果支持了牧场主在牧场条件方面普遍观察到的行为：将牧场维持在低于牧场专业人士建议的牧场条件。社会日益关注并与高范围条件相关的生态系统产品和服务，例如植物多样性、水文功能和某些野生动物物种，对牧场主来说是有机会成本的。
Conventional wisdom among rangeland professionals has been that for long-term sustainability of grazing livestock operations, rangeland should be kept in high good to low excellent range condition. Our objective was to analyze production parameters, costs, returns, and profit using data generated over a 34-yr period (1969-2002) from grazing a Clayey range site in the mixed-grass prairie of western South Dakota with variable stocking rates to maintain pastures in low-fair, good, and excellent range condition classes. Cattle weights were measured at turnout and at the end of the grazing season. Gross income . ha(-1) was the product of gain . ha(-1) and price. Prices were based on historical National Agricultural Statistics Services feeder cattle prices. Annual variable costs were estimated using a yearling cattle budget developed by South Dakota State University agricultural economists. All economic values were adjusted to a constant dollar using the Bureau of Labor Statistics' Consumer Price Index. Stocking rate, average daily gain, total gain, net profit, gross revenue, and annual costs . ha(-1) varied among range condition classes. Net income for low-fair range condition ($27.61 . ha(-1)) and good range condition ($29.43 . ha(-1)) were not different, but both were greater than excellent range condition ($23.01 . ha(-1)). Over the life of the Study, real profit (adjusted for inflation) steadily increased for the low-fair and good treatments, whereas it remained level for the excellent treatment. Neither drought nor wet springs impacted profit differently for the three treatments. These results support generally observed rancher behavior regarding range condition: to maintain their rangeland in lower range condition than Would be recommended by rangeland professionals. Ecosystem goods and services of increasing interest to society and associated with high range condition, such as floristic diversity, hydrologic function, and some species of wildlife, come at an opportunity cost to the rancher.