Birds rarely hybridize: A citizen science approach to estimating rates of hybridization in the wild
Birds rarely hybridize: A citizen science approach to estimating rates of hybridization in the wild
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DOI：
10.1111/evo.13943
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发表时间：
2020-03-21
期刊：
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Hill, Geoffrey E.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Justyn, Nicholas M.;Callaghan, Corey T.;Hill, Geoffrey E.
在任何物种形成的讨论中，分类群之间的杂交率是一个中心考虑因素，但在大多数野生动物种群中，杂交率很难估计。我们使用了一个成功的公民科学数据集eBird，来估计美国野生鸟类的杂交比率。我们计算了属于不同鸟类物种、科和目的杂交个体被观察到的频率。在2010年1月1日至2018年12月31日期间，美国国内共向eBird报告了334,770,194个物种记录。其中，212,875个，即0.064%被报告为杂种。这一估计高于迈尔根据研究博物馆标本的职业给人的印象而报告的杂交比率(0.00167%)。然而，如果从eBird数据集中删除10个最有影响力的杂交物种，杂交率将大幅下降至约0.009%。我们的结论是，尽管鸟类通过杂交产生受精后代的潜力很高，但大多数鸟类物种的个体杂交率极低。这些发现表明，在大多数禽类物种中存在着很强的前合子选择。
The rate of hybridization among taxa is a central consideration in any discussion of speciation, but rates of hybridization are difficult to estimate in most wild populations of animals. We used a successful citizen science dataset, eBird, to estimate the rates of hybridization for wild birds in the United States. We calculated the frequency at which hybrid individuals belonging to different species, families, and orders of birds were observed. Between 1 January 2010 and 31 December 2018, a total of 334,770,194 species records were reported to eBird within the United States. Of this total, 212,875 or 0.064% were reported as hybrids. This estimate is higher than the rate of hybridization (0.00167%) reported by Mayr based on impressions from a career studying museum specimens. However, if the 10 most influential hybrid species are removed from the eBird dataset, the rate of hybridization decreases substantially to about 0.009%. We conclude that the rate of hybridization for individuals in most bird species is extremely low, even though the potential for birds to produce fertile offspring through hybrid crosses is high. These findings indicate that there is strong prezygotic selection working in most avian species.