Gender Differences in the Processes Leading to Cigarette Smoking
Gender Differences in the Processes Leading to Cigarette Smoking
复制标题
导致吸烟过程中的性别差异
DOI：
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发表时间：
1984
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
P. Messeri
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
A. F. Brunswick;P. Messeri
在一项关于城市黑人青少年吸烟行为的两波小组研究中，在测量预测因素和随后开始吸烟之间进行了6到8年的干预。分别对男性和女性的预测模型进行了检验。根据以前对白色人和大部分学校抽取的样本进行的研究，作者假设学校成绩差对吸烟的发生有重大影响。这一假设得到了证实，注意到对雌性动物的影响大于雄性动物。两种解释的关系，然后进行了测试：心理的解释，其中吸烟被假定为一种手段，应对与学校有关的压力，和差异社会化的解释，其中吸烟被假定为坚持不同的社会规范的结果。心理变量（担心学校表现）显着增加了女性吸烟的风险，但男性没有。对一个人的社会机会的看法，一个指标...
In a two-wave panel study of smoking behavior among urban black adolescents, six to eight years intervened between measuring the predictors and subsequent initiation of cigarette smoking. Separate prediction models were tested for males and females. On the basis of previous research conducted with white and largely schooldrawn samples, the authors hypothesized that poor school achievement would have a significant influence on the onset of smoking. This hypothesis was confirmed, with a stronger effect noted for females than for males. Two explanations of relationship were then tested: the psychogenic explanation, in which smoking is postulated as a means of coping with school-related stress, and the differential socialization explanation, in which smoking is postulated as an outcome of adhering to divergent social norms. Psychogenic variables (worry about school performance) significantly increased the risk of smoking among females but not among males. Perceptions of one's social opportunities, an indicato...