PROGRESS IN CONTROLLING THE REINVASION OF WINDBORNE VECTORS INTO THE WESTERN AREA OF THE ONCHOCERCIASIS CONTROL PROGRAM IN WEST-AFRICA
PROGRESS IN CONTROLLING THE REINVASION OF WINDBORNE VECTORS INTO THE WESTERN AREA OF THE ONCHOCERCIASIS CONTROL PROGRAM IN WEST-AFRICA
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DOI：
10.1098/rstb.1990.0141
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发表时间：
1990-06-30
影响因子：
6.3
通讯作者：
BISSAN, Y
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
BAKER, RHA;GUILLET, P;BISSAN, Y
自1975年开始控制病媒以来，一波又一波的西葫芦和西葫芦。Damnosum s.str.，西非热带稀树草原严重致盲盘尾丝虫病的主要媒介，已经重新侵入西非盘尾丝虫病控制方案原来边界内经过处理的河流。对潜在的源头繁殖地进行的幼虫杀灭表明，这些“稀树草原”物种能够在雨季初期随着季风向东北方向传播和携带盘尾丝虫感染至少500公里。因此，病媒控制逐步向西扩展。1984年，该方案开始向西扩展，进入几内亚、塞拉利昂、马里西部、塞内加尔和几内亚比绍。科特迪瓦北方和布基纳法索再次入侵造成的传播已减少95%以上，但由于几内亚和塞拉利昂的来源，马里东部更难保护。1989年，塞拉利昂的河流首次得到治理，塞拉利昂和几内亚的叮咬率和传播率下降了90%以上。由于在一些复杂的急流和山区的治疗问题，苍蝇仍然重新入侵马里，尽管结合率比开始抗再入侵治疗前的记录低约70%。结论是，马里东部的传播现已降低到控制盘尾丝虫病所需的水平。
Since vector control began in 1975, waves of Simulium sirbanum and S. damnosum s.str., the principal vectors of severe blinding onchocerciasis in the West African savannas, have reinvaded treated rivers inside the original boundaries of the Onchocerciasis Control Programme in West Africa. Larviciding of potential source breeding sites has shown that these ''savanna'' species are capable of travelling and carrying Onchocerca infection for at least 500 km northeastwards with the monsoon winds in the early rainy season. Vector control has, therefore, been extended progressively westwards. In 1984 the Programme embarked on a major western extension into Guinea, Sierra Leone, western Mali, Senegal and Guinea-Bissau. The transmission resulting from the reinvasion of northern Cote d''Ivorie and Burkina Faso has been reduced by over 95%, but eastern Mali has proved more difficult to protect because of sources in both Guinea and Sierra Leone. Rivers in Sierra Leone were treated for the first time in 1989 and biting and transmission rates in Sierra Leone and Guinea fell by over 90%. Because of treatment problems in some complex rapids and mountainous areas, flies still reinvaded Mali, though binding rates were approximately 70% lower than those recorded before anti-reinvasion treatments started. It was concluded that transmission in eastern Mali has now been reduced to the levels required to control onchocerciasis.