Visual attention and cortical circuits
Visual attention and cortical circuits
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视觉注意力和皮质回路
DOI：
10.7551/mitpress/7125.001.0001
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发表时间：
2001
影响因子：
16.6
通讯作者：
Joel L. Davis
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
J. Braun;C. Koch;Joel L. Davis
注意力的神经生物学和心理学有很多东西需要相互学习。神经生物学家认识到，感觉皮层的反应取决于刺激的行为相关性，但几乎没有方法来研究感知如何变化。心理学家有概念和方法学工具来做到这一点，但却被多种解释和理论上的模糊所困惑。本书试图在这两个领域之间架起一座桥梁，并从神经生物学和心理学的数据中得出一个关于注意力的综合理论。它强调了注意力可以改变神经活动和心理物理表现/现象体验的情况。这种“双文化”的方法不仅有助于注意力研究，而且有助于将神经活动与意识体验联系起来的更大目标。这本书主要集中在视觉注意力对人类和猴子视觉皮层的腹侧和背侧流的影响以及视觉表现的相关变化。几个更大的发现出现：注意力可能涉及一个以上的神经系统;注意力调节皮层视觉处理的所有阶段;注意力的效果受到皮层的内在连接性和由此产生的上下文交互的限制;并且“显着图”的概念仍然是思考视觉注意力的核心。本书还考虑了通过不同方法评估同一变量的几种方法，例如行为测量，功能成像和单单位记录。撰稿人：Narcisse P. Bichot、Erik Blaser、Geoffrey M.放大图片作者：Jochen Braun，Maurizio科尔贝塔，Sean M.放大图片作者：Culhane，Florin Curiet，Sophie Deneve，Robert Desimone，John邓肯，Sunil P. Gandhi，Charles D.放大图片作者：吉尔伯特，大卫J. Holsapple，亚历山大C.放大图片作者：Huk，Minami Ito，Laurent Itti，Christof Koch，Peter E.莱瑟姆，Nilli Lavie，D. Kathleen Lee，Zhong-Lin Lu，John H. R.放大图片作者：Carrie J. McAdams，布拉德C.放大图片作者：John H. Reynolds，Jeffrey D.放大图片创作者：Michael L.放大图片作者：乔治·斯珀林.约翰·汤普森Tsotsos，Katsumi Watanabe，Erich Weichselgartner，Gerald Westheimer.
The neurobiology and psychology of attention have much to learn from each other. Neurobiologists recognize that responses in sensory cortex depend on the behavioral relevance of a stimulus, but have few ways to study how perception changes as a result. Psychologists have the conceptual and methodological tools to do just that, but are confounded by the multiple interpretations and theoretical ambiguities. This book attempts to bridge the two fields and to derive a comprehensive theory of attention from both neurobiological and psychological data. It highlights situations where attention can be seen to alter both neural activity and psychophysical performance/phenomenal experience. This "bicultural" approach contributes not only to attention research but to the larger goal of linking neural activity to conscious experience. The book focuses mainly on the effects of visual attention on the ventral and dorsal streams of visual cortex in humans and monkeys and the associated changes in visual performance. Several larger findings emerge: attention may involve more than one neural system; attention modulates all stages of cortical visual processing; the effect of attention is constrained by the intrinsic connectivity of cortex and the resulting contextual interactions; and the notion of a "saliency map" remains central to thinking about visual attention. The book also considers several approaches to evaluating the same variable through different methods, such as behavioral measurements, functional imaging, and single-unit recording. Contributors: Narcisse P. Bichot, Erik Blaser, Geoffrey M. Boynton, Jochen Braun, Maurizio Corbetta, Sean M. Culhane, Florin Cutzu, Sophie Deneve, Robert Desimone, John Duncan, Sunil P. Gandhi, Charles D. Gilbert, David J. Heeger, James W. Holsapple, Alexander C. Huk, Minami Ito, Laurent Itti, Christof Koch, Peter E. Latham, Nilli Lavie, D. Kathleen Lee, Zhong-Lin Lu, John H.R. Maunsell, Carrie J. McAdams, Brad C. Motter, Alexandre Pouget, Adam Reeves, John H. Reynolds, Jeffrey D. Schall, Christian Scheier, Shinsuke Shimojo, Gordon L. Shulman, George Sperling, Kirk G. Thompson, John K. Tsotsos, Katsumi Watanabe, Erich Weichselgartner, Gerald Westheimer.