Hurricane‐forced upwelling and chlorophyll a enhancement within cold‐core cyclones in the Gulf of Mexico
Hurricane‐forced upwelling and chlorophyll a enhancement within cold‐core cyclones in the Gulf of Mexico
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DOI：
10.1029/2005gl023716
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发表时间：
2005-09
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
N. Walker;R. Leben;Shreekanth Balasubramanian
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
N. Walker;R. Leben;Shreekanth Balasubramanian
2004年9月飓风伊万穿越墨西哥湾后，晴朗的天空为研究上层海洋对大型飓风的反应提供了一个独特的机会。飓风的风场（59-62 m s−1）迅速强化了海洋气旋环流，使伊万路径上沿着两大片地区的上升流和地表冷却达到最大程度（3-7°C）。根据风应力和海面高度变化计算的50-65米的向上等温位移引起温跃层和营养层的快速通风，导致浮游植物水华，3-4天后达到峰值浓度。飓风路径上沿着的风速变化表明，凉爽的沃茨（20-26°C）对飓风的强度产生了直接的负反馈。虽然我们的研究集中在一个相对较小的海洋区域，它揭示了中尺度气旋，除了温暖的反气旋，可能在产生沿着路径飓风强度变化的重要作用。
Clear skies, subsequent to Hurricane Ivan's passage across the Gulf of Mexico in September 2004, provided a unique opportunity to investigate upper ocean responses to a major hurricane. Oceanic cyclonic circulation was rapidly intensified by the hurricane's wind field (59–62 m s−1), maximizing upwelling and surface cooling (3–7°C) in two large areas along Ivan's track. Upward isothermal displacements of 50–65 m, computed from wind stress and sea surface height changes, caused rapid ventilation of thermoclines and nutriclines, leading to phytoplankton blooms with peak concentrations 3–4 days later. Wind speed changes along Ivan's track demonstrated that the cool waters (20–26°C) provided immediate negative feedback to the hurricane's intensity. Although our study focused on a relatively small ocean area, it revealed that mesoscale cyclones, in addition to warm anticyclones, may play an important role in producing along‐track hurricane intensity changes.