Analysis of Radio Frequency Blackout for a Blunt-Body Capsule in Atmospheric Reentry Missions
Analysis of Radio Frequency Blackout for a Blunt-Body Capsule in Atmospheric Reentry Missions
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DOI：
10.3390/aerospace3010002
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发表时间：
2016-01
期刊：
影响因子：
11.2
通讯作者：
Yusuke Takahashi;Reo Nakasato;N. Oshima
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Yusuke Takahashi;Reo Nakasato;N. Oshima
对欧洲航天局（ESA）大气层再入演示器（ARD）在大气层再入使命中的电磁波进行了数值分析。在ARD使命期间，其中包括阿波罗指令舱的70%缩小配置舱，观察到与数据中继卫星和飞机通信的无线电波的无线电频率熄灭和强烈的等离子体衰减。电磁干扰是由高度密集的等离子体引起的，这些等离子体是由于返回时轨道速度快而在舱前产生的强烈冲击波产生的。在这项研究中，等离子体流的物理特性的激波层和尾区的欧空局ARD获得使用计算流体动力学技术。然后，电磁波表示使用频率相关的有限差分时域方法使用的等离子体的属性。基于试验飞行数据对分析模型进行了验证。测量和预测结果的比较显示出良好的一致性。详细阐明了ESA ARD周围带电粒子的分布以及电磁波的复杂行为，包括衰减和反射。该分析模型可以作为研究无线电通信中射频黑障和等离子体衰减的有效工具。
A numerical analysis of electromagnetic waves around the atmospheric reentry demonstrator (ARD) of the European Space Agency (ESA) in an atmospheric reentry mission was conducted. During the ARD mission, which involves a 70% scaled-down configuration capsule of the Apollo command module, radio frequency blackout and strong plasma attenuation of radio waves in communications with data relay satellites and air planes were observed. The electromagnetic interference was caused by highly dense plasma derived from a strong shock wave generated in front of the capsule because of orbital speed during reentry. In this study, the physical properties of the plasma flow in the shock layer and wake region of the ESA ARD were obtained using a computational fluid dynamics technique. Then, electromagnetic waves were expressed using a frequency-dependent finite-difference time-domain method using the plasma properties. The analysis model was validated based on experimental flight data. A comparison of the measured and predicted results showed good agreement. The distribution of charged particles around the ESA ARD and the complicated behavior of electromagnetic waves, with attenuation and reflection, are clarified in detail. It is suggested that the analysis model could be an effective tool for investigating radio frequency blackout and plasma attenuation in radio wave communication.