Contact tracing and disease control
Contact tracing and disease control
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DOI：
10.1098/rspb.2003.2554
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发表时间：
2003-12-22
影响因子：
4.7
通讯作者：
Keeling, MJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Eames, KTD;Keeling, MJ
追踪接触者，然后进行治疗或隔离，是防治传染病的关键控制措施。这是一种极端形式的针对当地的控制，因此在处理少量病例时有可能非常有效。由于这个原因，它经常被用来对抗性传播疾病和新的入侵病原体。接触者追踪的准确建模需要关于每个人的疾病传播途径以及接触者网络的明确信息。在这里，成对近似方法和全随机模拟被用来调查的实用程序的接触跟踪。一个简单的关系被发现之间的效率接触追踪必要的根除和疾病的基本生殖比。这适用于各种各样的现实情况，包括包含核心群体或超级传播者的异构网络，以及无症状个体。集群（传递性）内的传输网络被发现破坏的关系，需要较低的效率比预测。
Contact tracing, followed by treatment or isolation, is a key control measure in the battle against infectious diseases. It is an extreme form of locally targeted control, and as such has the potential to be highly efficient when dealing with low numbers of cases. For this reason it is frequently used to combat sexually transmitted diseases and new invading pathogens. Accurate modelling of contact tracing requires explicit information about the disease-transmission pathways from each individual, and hence the network of contacts. Here, pairwise-approximation methods and full stochastic simulations are used to investigate the utility of contact tracing. A simple relationship is found between the efficiency of contact tracing necessary for eradication and the basic reproductive ratio of the disease. This holds for a wide variety of realistic situations including heterogeneous networks containing core-groups or super-spreaders, and asymptomatic individuals. Clustering (transitivity) within the transmission network is found to destroy the relationship, requiring lower efficiency than predicted.