The relationship between cognitive/neuropsychological factors and car driving performance in older adults
The relationship between cognitive/neuropsychological factors and car driving performance in older adults
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1532-5415.2000.tb03880.x
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发表时间：
2000-12-01
影响因子：
6.3
通讯作者：
Ponjaert-Kristoffersen, I
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
De Raedt, R;Ponjaert-Kristoffersen, I
目标：由于人口结构的变化产生了一个老年人数量不断增加的社会，老年人构成了汽车司机中增长最快的部分。这项研究项目的目的是确定与老年人驾驶问题相关的认知因素。采用自上而下的方法，检验理论驱动的假设。设计：相关性研究。设置：比利时道路安全研究所驾驶适能评估中心。伙伴：研究样本包括84名65岁以上的汽车司机，他们被推荐进行一般的驾驶适能评估。此外，深入分析了这些相同测试和使用详细评估网格独立评估的道路测试之间的关系。结果：在逐步回归模型中，4项神经心理学测验可以解释道路测验成绩的%的方差。此外，它还可以被证明。特定的认知子技能与特定的现实世界情况有共同的差异。然而，神经心理学测试只能解释19%的事故车事故自我报告的变异。结论：本研究的初步结果表明，认知/神经心理学方法与老年人的驾驶能力有关。然而，与事故风险之间的联系似乎更为复杂。因此，神经心理筛查程序需要更广泛的视角，以防止过分强调单一层面的筛查程序，主要关注缺陷，而较少关注安全行为的能力。
OBJECTIVES: Because demographic changes produce a society with a growing number of older people, seniors constitute the fastest growing segment of car drivers. The objective of this research project was to identify cognitive factors related to driving problems in older adults. A top-down approach has been used, testing theory-driven hypotheses.DESIGN: Correlational study.SETTING: Fitness-to-Drive Assessment Centre of the Belgian Road Safety Institute.PARTICIPANTS: The research sample consisted of 84 car drivers aged over 65 years, who were referred for a general fitness-to-drive evaluation.MEASUREMENTS: The relations between seven specific neuropsychological tests and self-reported accidents were investigated. Furthermore, the relations between these same tests and a road test, independently assessed using a detailed evaluation grid, were analyzed in depth. These analyses were followed by stepwise multiple regression analyses.RESULTS: In a stepwise regression model, four neuropsychological tests could account for 64% of the variance of the score on the road test. Moreover, it could be demonstrated. that specific cognitive subskills share common variance with specific real-world situations. However, neuropsychological tests could explain only 19% of the variance of self-reported at fault car accidents.CONCLUSIONS: The initial results of this study indicate the relevance of a cognitive/neuropsychological approach to the driving ability of older people. However, the link with accident risk seems more complex. Consequently, neuropsychological screening procedures are in need of a broader perspective to prevent an overemphasis on unidimensional screening procedures focusing mainly on deficit and less on capacities for safe behavior.