Self-organized patterns and traffic flow in Colonies of organisms: from bacteria and social insects to vertebrates
Self-organized patterns and traffic flow in Colonies of organisms: from bacteria and social insects to vertebrates
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DOI：
10.1080/01411590410001672567
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发表时间：
2004-01
影响因子：
1.6
通讯作者：
D. Chowdhury;K. Nishinari;A. Schadschneider
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
D. Chowdhury;K. Nishinari;A. Schadschneider
鸟群和鱼群是由生物体形成的空间模式的常见例子。与斑马和长颈鹿皮肤上的图案相反，我们感兴趣的图案是短暂的，尽管不同的图案在不同的时间尺度上发生变化。几个世纪以来，这些图案的美感吸引了诗人和哲学家的注意。然而，来自不同学科的科学家正在寻找共同的基本原理，这些原理导致了生物群体中的瞬态模式。这种模式不仅在单细胞细菌这样简单的生物群体中观察到，而且在蚂蚁和白蚁等社会昆虫中也观察到。在鸟类和鱼类等复杂的脊椎动物群体以及人类社会中也可以观察到它们。近年来，物理学家利用统计物理学的框架来理解这些模式。在这篇文章中，我们提出了一个概述，强调依赖于这些系统的理论建模，使用所谓的基于代理的拉格朗日方法的共同趋势。
Flocks of birds and schools of fish are familiar examples of spatial patterns formed by living organisms. In contrast to the patterns on the skins of, say, zebras and giraffes, the patterns of our interest are transient although different patterns change over different timescales. The aesthetic beauty of these patterns has attracted the attention of poets and philosophers for centuries. Scientists from various disciplines, however, are in search of common underlying principles that give rise to the transient patterns in colonies of organisms. Such patterns are observed not only in colonies of organisms as simple as single-cell bacteria, but also in social insects like ants and termites. They are also observed in colonies of vertebrates as complex as birds and fish, and in human societies. In recent years, physicists have utilized the framework of statistical physics to understand these patterns. In this article, we present an overview emphasizing the common trends that rely on theoretical modeling of these systems using the so-called agent-based Lagrangian approach.