Preface to “Making the Connection: Translating Science into Effective Coastal Policy”
Preface to “Making the Connection: Translating Science into Effective Coastal Policy”
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《建立联系：将科学转化为有效的沿海政策》序言
DOI：
10.1080/08920753.2011.566116
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发表时间：
2011
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
C. Dumas
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
L. Cahoon;C. Dumas
在北卡罗来纳州的威尔明顿举行的海岸协会TCS 22会议闭幕全体会议（2010年6月13日至16日）探讨了将科学知识和观点转化为有效的海岸管理政策和实践所涉及的问题。为了更充分地发展这一主题，海岸协会邀请提交全文手稿，以便在《海岸管理》的专题特刊上发表：“建立联系：将科学转化为有效的海岸政策”。邀请提交的论文涉及在地方、区域、国家和/或国际范围内将科学知识和观点应用于沿海管理政策和实践的各个方面。特刊编辑很高兴地报告说，特刊包含从多个角度讨论这一主题的论文，包括地方流域规划，国家沿海规划，经济，法律，区域和国际非政府组织（NGOs），资助机构以及公众参与政策过程。这些文件的规模和范围从地方问题到全球问题不等，并考虑发达和发展中沿海地区的情况。McGinnis和McGinnis描述了加州在地方一级积极制定沿海气候行动计划的努力。文章确定了加强科学家、利益攸关方和当地沿海规划者之间联系的战略，并强调需要扩大当地沿海规划的范围，纳入新的生物多样性保护和土地利用要素，以应对气候变化对沿海生态系统的预期影响。Drescher等人研究了科学与政策在流域层面的相互作用，为沿海流域规划和评估制定了“八个工具”框架。作者介绍了八种工具框架在美国大西洋沿岸沿着的几种应用，并强调了科学可以更有效地融入沿海政策过程的具体点。兰德里从经济角度考虑海岸侵蚀问题，探索动态优化模型的潜力，以更好地为海滩管理政策提供信息。沿着美国大西洋沿岸的应用经验的结果进行了审查，提出了沿着与讨论的日益实用的动态模型在世界上的沿海开发和海平面上升。Cutting等人从法律的角度研究了海平面上升对美国沿海财产所有者的影响，认为普通法中的滋扰和非法侵入概念可以为气候变化时代的法律的权利、责任和义务的分类提供基础。Pietri等人以最近在加州进行的海上平台退役研究为例，调查了区域非政府组织“边界”组织在促进科学与沿海政策整合方面的作用。作者重点关注科学与公众参与政策过程之间的关系，强调有关科学的突出性，可信度和合法性的经验教训，并在政策过程具有高水平的公众参与时提供建议。
The Closing Plenary session of Coastal Society’s TCS 22 Conference (June 13–16, 2010) in Wilmington, North Carolina, explored the issues involved in translating scientific knowledge and perspectives into effective coastal management policies and practices. To more fully develop this theme, The Coastal Society invited submission of full-length manuscripts for publication in a special, theme issue of Coastal Management: “Making the Connection: Translating Science into Effective Coastal Policy.” Papers addressing all aspects of the application of scientific knowledge and perspectives to coastal management policy and practice at local, regional, national, and/or international scales were invited. The special issue editors are pleased to report that the special issue contains papers addressing the theme from multiple perspectives, including local watershed planning, state coastal planning, economics, law, regional and international nongovernmental organizations (NGOs), funding agencies, and public participation in the policy process. The papers range in scale and scope from local to global issues, and consider situations in developed and developing coastal areas. McGinnis and McGinnis describe California’s energetic efforts to develop pro-active coastal Climate Action Plans at the local level. The article identifies strategies to strengthen the connection between scientists, stakeholders, and local coastal planners and emphasizes the need to broaden the scope of local coastal plans to include new biodiversity protection and land-use elements that address the anticipated impacts from climate change on coastal ecosystems. Drescher et al. examine the interaction of science and policy at the watershed level, laying out an “Eight Tools” framework for coastal watershed planning and assessment. The authors present several applications of the Eight Tools framework in action along the U.S. Atlantic coast and highlight specific points where science can be more effectively integrated into the coastal policy process. Landry considers the problem of coastal erosion from an economic perspective, exploring the potential of dynamic optimization models to better inform beach management policy. A review of empirical results from applications along the U.S. Atlantic coast is presented along with discussion of the increasing utility of dynamic models in a world of increasing coastal development and sea-level rise. Cutting et al. examine the impacts of sea-level rise on coastal property owners in the United States from a legal perspective, arguing that the common law concepts of nuisance and trespass can provide a foundation for sorting out legal rights, responsibilities, and liabilities in an era of climate change. Pietri et al. investigate the role of regional NGO “boundary” organizations in facilitating the integration of science and coastal policy using as an example the recent offshore platform decommissioning study in California. The authors focus on the nexus between science and public participation in the policy process, highlighting lessons-learned regarding the salience, credibility, and legitimacy of science and offering recommendations when the policy process features high levels of public involvement.