Involving stakeholders in research priority setting: a scoping review.
Involving stakeholders in research priority setting: a scoping review.
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利益相关者参与研究优先事项的确定：范围审查。
DOI：
10.1186/s40900-021-00318-6
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发表时间：
2021-10-29
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通讯作者：
Grill C
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文献类型：
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作者：
Grill C
此次范围界定审查对利益相关者迄今为止如何参与研究优先事项设定进行了全面分析。该评论不仅像之前的评论那样描述、综合和评估了健康领域的研究优先事项设定项目，而且在更广泛的范围内对任何研究领域进行了如此的描述、综合和评估。在 PubMed、Scopus 和 Web of Science 数据库中进行了全面的电子文献检索。为了体现灰色文献的重要性，谷歌学术和相关网站也筛选了符合条件的出版物。然后使用计算方法进行研究选择。最终的纳入筛选是手动完成的。范围审查涵盖了截至 2020 年底发布的 731 个研究优先事项设定项目。总体而言，这些项目是在 50 个主题领域内进行的，从农业和环境到健康，再到社会工作和技术。主要经验包括，几乎所有优先事项设定项目都旨在确定健康领域（93%）的研究优先事项，特别是护理、癌症、儿科以及精神、行为和神经发育障碍。只有 6% 的项目与健康无关，1% 的项目确定了健康与非健康领域之间的交叉点的研究重点。随着时间的推移，30 个不同的利益相关者群体参与了研究优先事项的制定。最常被要求确定研究重点的利益相关者是医生、患者、学者/研究人员、护士、专职医疗保健专业人员、家庭成员、朋友和护理人员。近三分之二的项目是在欧洲和北美进行的。总体而言，只有 9% 的项目强调利益相关者对其目标和理由的重要性并积极参与。在大约四分之一的项目中，利益相关者在整个过程中审议了他们的研究重点。通过描绘利益相关者参与研究优先事项设定的复杂情况，本次审查指导了未来让利益相关者有效、包容和透明地参与的努力，这反过来又可能增加研究对社会的整体价值。作为本次审查的实际补充，创建了第一个全球研究优先级设置数据库：https://ois.lbg.ac.at/en/project-database。该数据库包含本次审查分析的所有项目，并不断更新最新发表的研究重点设定项目。在线版本包含可在 10.1186/s40900-021-00318-6 获取的补充材料。在决定研究内容时让利益相关者在研究过程开始时就参与进来，这被称为“研究优先级设定”。研究优先级的设定使研究更贴近利益相关者的需求和关切，特别是患者、家人、朋友、护理人员和普通公民。普遍需要绘制出利益相关者参与研究优先事项设定的复杂情况。我发现 731 个项目要求利益相关者确定研究的优先顺序。这些项目涉及 50 个不同的主题领域，从农业和环境、健康到社会工作和技术。大多数项目确定了护理、癌症、儿科以及精神、行为和神经发育障碍的研究重点。最常被要求确定研究重点的利益相关者是医生、患者、学者/研究人员、护士、专职医疗保健专业人员、家庭成员、朋友和护理人员。总体而言，一半的项目明确提到利益相关者的参与很重要。大约四分之一的项目也积极让患者和公众参与其中。在大约四分之一的项目中，利益相关者在整个过程中审议了他们的研究优先事项。由于研究人员仍然对让利益相关者参与研究优先事项设定的好处持怀疑态度，因此非常需要对这一问题进行未来的研究。 在线版本包含可在 10.1186/s40900-021-00318-6 获取的补充材料。
This scoping review provides a thorough analysis of how stakeholders have so far been involved in research priority setting. The review describes, synthesizes, and evaluates research priority setting projects not only for the field of health—as previous reviews have done—but does so on a much broader scale for any research area. A comprehensive electronic literature search was conducted in the databases PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science. Reflecting the importance of grey literature, Google Scholar and relevant websites were also screened for eligible publications. A computational approach was then used for the study selection. The final screening for inclusion was done manually. The scoping review encompasses 731 research priority setting projects published until the end of 2020. Overall, the projects were conducted within the realm of 50 subject areas ranging from agriculture and environment over health to social work and technology. Key learnings include that nearly all priority setting projects aimed to identify research priorities for the field of health (93%), particularly for nursing and care, cancer, pediatrics, and mental, behavioral and neurodevelopmental disorders. Only 6% of the projects were not health-related and 1% identified research priorities at the interface between health and a non-health area. Over time, 30 different stakeholder groups took part in research priority setting. The stakeholders most frequently asked to identify research priorities were doctors, patients, academics/researchers, nurses, allied healthcare professionals, family members, friends, and carers. Nearly two thirds of all projects have been conducted in Europe and North America. Overall, only 9% of the projects emphasized the importance of stakeholders in their goals and rationales and actively involved them. In around a quarter of the projects, stakeholders deliberated on their research priorities throughout the entire process. By mapping out the complex landscape of stakeholder involvement in research priority setting, this review guides future efforts to involve stakeholders effectively, inclusively, and transparently, which in turn may increase the overall value of research for society. As a practical addition to this review, the first worldwide research priority setting database was created: https://ois.lbg.ac.at/en/project-database. The database contains all the projects analyzed for this review and is constantly updated with the latest published research priority setting projects. The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s40900-021-00318-6. Involving stakeholders already at the beginning of the research process when deciding what to research is called “research priority setting”. Research priority setting brings research closer to the needs and concerns of its stakeholders, particularly patients, family members, friends, carers and ordinary citizens. There is a general need to map out the complex landscape of stakeholder involvement in research priority setting. I found 731 projects that asked stakeholders to identify priorities for research. The projects were conducted along 50 different subject areas ranging from agriculture and environment over health to social work and technology. Most projects identified research priorities for nursing and care, cancer, pediatrics, and mental, behavioral and neurodevelopmental disorders. The stakeholders most frequently asked to identify research priorities were doctors, patients, academics/researchers, nurses, allied healthcare professionals, family members, friends, and carers. Overall, half of all projects explicitly mentioned that involving stakeholders is important. Around one quarter of all projects also actively involved patients and the public. In around one quarter of all projects, stakeholders deliberated on their priorities for research throughout the entire process. As researchers are still skeptical towards the benefits of involving stakeholders in research priority setting, future research on this matter is greatly needed. The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s40900-021-00318-6.