Simulating spatial and temporal evolution of multiple wing cracks around faults in crystalline basement rocks

Simulating spatial and temporal evolution of multiple wing cracks around faults in crystalline basement rocks
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模拟结晶基岩断层周围多翼裂缝的时空演化

DOI:
10.1029/2006jb004815
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发表时间:
2007
期刊:
影响因子:
3.4
通讯作者:
Willson J
Willson J
中科院分区:
地球科学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Willson J

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断裂带在结构上具有高度的空间异质性,因此极其复杂。在几个尺度上对断裂带的流体流动的观察表明,这种结构的复杂性反映在断层的水文地质属性上。关于深部断裂的信息很少,因此,了解断裂带的时空发育控制具有重要的意义。在本文中,我们通过动态模拟原有断层上破裂产生的单个和多个张开裂缝的生长,增加了我们对结晶岩石中断层损伤带发育的理解。提出了一种新的模拟模型MOPEDZ,该模型通过结合Mohr-Coulomb准则和拉伸破坏准则求解Navier方程来模拟断层的演化。模拟结果表明,断层相对于最大主压应力的方位和差应力条件对张开裂缝的位置、频率、破坏方式和方向都有很大影响。模型预测与已公布的野外露头数据进行了很好的比较,证实了该模型产生了真实的损伤区几何形状。
Fault zones are structurally highly spatially heterogeneous and hence extremely complex. Observations of fluid flow through fault zones over several scales show that this structural complexity is reflected in the hydrogeological properties of faults. Information on faults at depth is scarce, hence, it is highly valuable to understand the controls on spatial and temporal fault zone development. In this paper we increase our understanding of fault damage zone development in crystalline rocks by dynamically simulating the growth of single and multiple splay fractures produced from failure on a pre‐existing fault. We present a new simulation model, MOPEDZ (Modeling Of Permeability Evolution in the Damage Zone surrounding faults), that simulates fault evolution through solution of Navier's equation with a combined Mohr‐Coulomb and tensile failure criteria. Simulations suggest that location, frequency, mode of failure and orientation of splay fractures are significantly affected both by the orientation of the fault with respect to the maximum principal compressive stress and the conditions of differential stress. Model predictions compare well with published field outcrop data, confirming that this model produces realistic damage zone geometries.
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