Bioavailability of metals along a contamination gradient in San Diego Bay (California, USA)
Bioavailability of metals along a contamination gradient in San Diego Bay (California, USA)
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DOI：
10.1016/j.chemosphere.2005.07.066
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发表时间：
2006-05-01
期刊：
影响因子：
8.8
通讯作者：
Latz, Michael I.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Deheyn, Dimitri D.;Latz, Michael I.
圣地亚哥湾被金属严重污染，但人们对它们对当地海洋生物的生物有效性知之甚少。这项对15种元素的研究表明，与沉积物相关的金属浓度从海湾口到海湾后部增加，而整个海湾海水颗粒物中的金属浓度相似。从湾外到湾内移植当地的刺眼蝇Ophiothrix spulata(Ophuroidae，Echinodermata)，在8周内评估了金属的生物利用度。尽管污染程度不同，但脆星在整个海湾积累了类似水平的金属，这表明金属污染是通过溶解的金属和饮食发生的。被移植到海湾透析管中的沉积物只有在放置在海底时才会积累金属，这表明靠近海底的金属生物有效性更高；海湾口和湾背之间的积累水平相似。结果与一种循环模式是一致的，在这种模式下，富含金属的底层海水从背部排到海湾的入海口。脆性海星中的金属浓度与潮差呈正相关，表明海湾-海洋水交换导致金属暴露增加。对于脆星状手臂来说，嘴部的相关性高于海湾的背面，这表明手臂中从海水中溶解的金属中积累的金属比摄入金属污染的食物中的金属积累得更多。相反，对于脆星盘，相关性在海湾的后面更高，这表明金属主要通过饮食积累。这些结果强调了在环境质量评估中考虑生物利用度和物理过程的重要性。(C)2005爱思唯尔有限公司。保留所有权利。
San Diego Bay is heavily contaminated with metals, but little is known about their biological availability to local marine organisms. This study on 15 elements showed that concentrations of metals associated with sediment increased from the mouth to the back of the Bay while metals in seawater particulates were similar throughout the Bay. Metal bioavailability was assessed over 8 weeks following transplant of the local brittlestar, Ophiothrix spiculata (Ophuroidea, Echinodermata), from outside to inside the Bay. Despite a gradient of contamination, brittlestars accumulated similar levels of metals throughout the Bay, suggesting that metal contamination occurred through dissolved metals as well as through the diet. Sediment transplanted in dialysis tubing in the Bay accumulated metals only when placed on the seafloor bottom, indicating greater metal bioavailability near the bottom; the level of accumulation was similar between the mouth and the back of the Bay. The results are consistent with a circulation pattern in which a bottom layer of seawater, enriched with metals, drains from the back to the mouth of the Bay. There was a positive correlation between metal concentration in brittlestars and tidal range, suggesting increased metal exposure due to bay-ocean water exchange. For brittlestar arms the correlation was higher at the mouth than the back of the Bay, indicating greater metal accumulation in arms from dissolved metals in seawater than from ingestion of metal contaminated diet. In contrast, for brittlestar disks the correlation was higher at the back of the Bay, indicative of metal accumulation mainly through the diet. The results highlight the importance of considering bioavailability and physical processes in environmental quality assessments. (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.