A bacterial cytotoxin identifies the RhoA exchange factor Net1 as a key effector in the response to DNA damage.

A bacterial cytotoxin identifies the RhoA exchange factor Net1 as a key effector in the response to DNA damage.
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DOI:
10.1371/journal.pone.0002254
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发表时间:
2008-05-28
期刊:
影响因子:
3.7
通讯作者:
Frisan, Teresa
Frisan, Teresa
中科院分区:
综合性期刊3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Guerra, Lina;Carr, Heather S.;Richter-Dahlfors, Agneta;Masucci, Maria G.;Thelestam, Monica;Frost, Jeffrey A.;Frisan, Teresa

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贴壁细胞暴露于 DNA 损伤剂,例如细菌细胞致死膨胀毒素 (CDT) 或电离辐射 (IR),会激活小 GTP 酶 RhoA,从而促进肌动蛋白应激纤维的形成并延缓细胞死亡。调节 RhoA 激活和促进​​细胞存活的信号传导中间体尚不清楚。我们证明,在暴露于 CDT 或 IR 的细胞中,核 RhoA 特异性鸟嘌呤核苷酸交换因子 (GEF) Net1 在关键抑制位点发生去磷酸化。显性失活 Net1 的表达或通过 iRNA 敲低 Net1 可阻止 RhoA 激活、抑制应激纤维的形成并增强细胞死亡,表明 Net1 激活是 RhoA 介导的基因毒性应激反应所必需的。 Net1 和 RhoA 依赖性信号涉及丝裂原激活蛋白激酶 p38 及其下游靶标 MAPK 激活蛋白激酶 2 的激活。我们的数据强调了 Net1 在控制暴露于 DNA 损伤剂的细胞中 RhoA 和 p38 MAPK 介导的细胞存活方面的重要性,并说明了长期暴露于细菌毒素可能促进基因组不稳定的分子途径。
Exposure of adherent cells to DNA damaging agents, such as the bacterial cytolethal distending toxin (CDT) or ionizing radiations (IR), activates the small GTPase RhoA, which promotes the formation of actin stress fibers and delays cell death. The signalling intermediates that regulate RhoA activation and promote cell survival are unknown. We demonstrate that the nuclear RhoA-specific Guanine nucleotide Exchange Factor (GEF) Net1 becomes dephosphorylated at a critical inhibitory site in cells exposed to CDT or IR. Expression of a dominant negative Net1 or Net1 knock down by iRNA prevented RhoA activation, inhibited the formation of stress fibers, and enhanced cell death, indicating that Net1 activation is required for this RhoA-mediated responses to genotoxic stress. The Net1 and RhoA-dependent signals involved activation of the Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase p38 and its downstream target MAPK-activated protein kinase 2. Our data highlight the importance of Net1 in controlling RhoA and p38 MAPK mediated cell survival in cells exposed to DNA damaging agents and illustrate a molecular pathway whereby chronic exposure to a bacterial toxin may promote genomic instability.
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