Long-term changes in cortical representation through perceptual learning of spectrally degraded speech
Long-term changes in cortical representation through perceptual learning of spectrally degraded speech
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DOI：
10.1007/s00359-022-01593-8
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发表时间：
2022-12
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Shota A. Murai;H. Riquimaroux
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文献类型：
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作者：
Shota A. Murai;H. Riquimaroux
听众可以通过感知训练来适应声学退化的语音。长期的学习过程是助听器或人工耳蜗植入患者康复的基础。听觉退化语音的感知学习与额颞叶皮层有关。然而，长期知觉学习期间和之后的神经过程仍然不清楚。在这里，我们对噪声声码语音（NVSS）（频谱退化信号）进行了感知训练，并测量了7天的皮质活动和后续测试（大约1年后），以使用功能性磁共振研究神经激活模式的变化。成像。我们证明，年轻的成年参与者（n= 5）在7个实验日内提高了他们的表现，并且在10个月或更长时间后保持了这种收益。表征相似性分析表明，在7天的训练中，与清晰语音相关的左侧后上级颞沟（pSTS）的NVSS神经激活模式存在显著差异，伴随着额叶皮质的神经变化。此外，在训练后10-13个月，额颞叶皮层对NVSS的激活模式也有所不同。因此，我们提出，知觉训练可以诱导可塑性的变化和长期影响的神经表征的训练退化的语音在额颞叶皮层。这些行为的改善和神经变化引起的知觉学习退化的语音将提供深入了解皮质机制的适应过程中困难的听力情况和长期康复的听觉障碍。
Listeners can adapt to acoustically degraded speech with perceptual training. The learning processes for long periods underlies the rehabilitation of patients with hearing aids or cochlear implants. Perceptual learning of acoustically degraded speech has been associated with the frontotemporal cortices. However, neural processes during and after long-term perceptual learning remain unclear. Here we conducted perceptual training of noise-vocoded speech sounds (NVSS), which is spectrally degraded signals, and measured the cortical activity for seven days and the follow up testing (approximately 1 year later) to investigate changes in neural activation patterns using functional magnetic resonance imaging. We demonstrated that young adult participants (n= 5) improved their performance across seven experimental days, and the gains were maintained after 10 months or more. Representational similarity analysis showed that the neural activation patterns of NVSS relative to clear speech in the left posterior superior temporal sulcus (pSTS) were significantly different across seven training days, accompanying neural changes in frontal cortices. In addition, the distinct activation patterns to NVSS in the frontotemporal cortices were also observed 10–13 months after the training. We, therefore, propose that perceptual training can induce plastic changes and long-term effects on neural representations of the trained degraded speech in the frontotemporal cortices. These behavioral improvements and neural changes induced by the perceptual learning of degraded speech will provide insights into cortical mechanisms underlying adaptive processes in difficult listening situations and long-term rehabilitation of auditory disorders.