Neuroendocrine peptide hormone regulation of immunity.
Neuroendocrine peptide hormone regulation of immunity.
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神经内分泌肽激素调节免疫。
DOI：
10.1159/000058657
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发表时间：
1997
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Johnson,HM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Torres,BA;Johnson,HM
现在公认的是，所谓的“非神经内分泌”外周组织，如肠道、胰腺、生殖器官、淋巴结、胸腺和脾，可以产生各种激素或激素样活性。免疫系统的细胞和组织以及肠道等密切相关的非免疫组织产生激素的一个有趣的方面是它们可能对免疫功能进行调节。特别令人感兴趣的是，过去几年对特定抗原、微生物超抗原和有丝分裂原刺激的淋巴细胞进行的研究表明，免疫系统的细胞可以产生几种已知也由脑下垂体产生的多肽激素[1]。也许最值得注意的观察结果是，通过氨基酸测序确定淋巴细胞来源的促肾上腺皮质激素(ACTH)与垂体来源的ACTH相同[2]。这篇综述中提供的数据支持神经内分泌多肽激素可以调节几种重要免疫功能的观点。这些包括抗体产生、淋巴细胞细胞毒性、淋巴因子产生、超敏反应、巨噬细胞和中性粒细胞的激活和趋化。我们将侧重于通过以下方式进行免疫调节：源自多蛋白原阿黑素(POMC)的神经肽、脑啡肽、垂体后叶激素血管加压素和催产素、血管活性肠肽、P物质、促性腺激素、生长激素、催乳素、生长抑素和促甲状腺激素。这些数据为免疫和神经内分泌系统之间的调节回路提供了令人信服的证据，通过这种调节回路，神经活力-
It is now well established that so-called'non-neuroendocrine'peripheral tissues such as the gut, pancreas, reproductive organs, lymph nodes, thymus, and spleen can produce a variety of hormones or hormone-like activities. An intriguing aspect of hormone production by cells and tissue of the immune system and by closely associated nonimmune tissues such as the gut is their possible regulation of immune function. It is of particular interest that studies carried out over the last few years with lymphocytes stimulated by specific antigens, microbial superantigens, and mitogens have shown that cells of the immune system can produce several polypetide hormones that are known to be produced also by the pituitary [1]. Perhaps the most notable observation was the demonstration that lymphocyte-derived corticotropin (ACTH) is the same as pituitary-derived ACTH as ascertained by amino acid sequencing [2].Data presented in this review support the view that neuroendocrine polypeptide hormones can regulate several important immune functions. These include antibody production, lymphocyte cytotoxicity, lymphokine produc-tion, hypersensitivity, and macrophage and neutrophil activation and chemo-taxis. We will focus particularly on immunoregulation by: neuropeptides derived from the polyprotein proopiomelanocortin (POMC), enkephalins, the posterior pituitary hormones vasopressin and oxytocin, vasoactive intestinal peptide, substance P, the gonadotropins, growth hormone, prolactin, somatos-tatin, and thyrotropin. The data provide compelling evidence for a regulatory circuit between the immune and neuroendocrine systems whereby neuropep-