Recent Advances on Hydrogenic Retention in ITER's Plasma-Facing Materials: BE, C, W.
Recent Advances on Hydrogenic Retention in ITER's Plasma-Facing Materials: BE, C, W.
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DOI：
10.2172/959393
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发表时间：
2008-03
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通讯作者：
C. Skinner;Kh. I. Alimov;N. Bekris;R. Causey;R.E.H. Clark;J. Coad;J. Davis;R. Doerner;M. Mayer;A. Pisarev;J. Roth;T. Tanabe
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作者：
C. Skinner;Kh. I. Alimov;N. Bekris;R. Causey;R.E.H. Clark;J. Coad;J. Davis;R. Doerner;M. Mayer;A. Pisarev;J. Roth;T. Tanabe
氚库存的管理仍然是聚变能发展中的重大挑战之一，而面向等离子体的材料的选择是容器内氚保留的关键因素。2001-2006年期间，国际原子能机构原子和分子数据股组织了一个关于聚变反应堆中氚存量总专题的协调研究项目。这涉及ITER面向等离子体的材料中的类氢保留，Be，C，W，以及这些元素的化合物（混合材料）以及氚去除技术。本文总结了CRP的结果以及对ITER的建议。综述了Be、C和W中扩散系数、溶解度和俘获的基本参数。对于Be，开放孔隙度的发展可以解释瞬时氢泵，但长期保留将由共沉积主导。共沉积也是碳的主要保留机制，并且对于含Be和含C层两者仍然是严重的问题。未辐照的钨中的氢捕获是低的，但会随着离子和中子损伤而增加。混合材料将在托卡马克中形成，这些材料也可以保留大量的氢同位素。描述了用于使更多面向等离子体的部件分解的氧化和基于光子的技术。«少
Management of tritium inventory remains one of the grand challenges in the development of fusion energy and the choice of plasma-facing materials is a key factor for in-vessel tritium retention. The Atomic and Molecular Data Unit of the International Atomic Energy Agency organized a Coordinated Research Project (CRP) on the overall topic of tritium inventory in fusion reactors during the period 2001-2006. This dealt with hydrogenic retention in ITER's plasma-facing materials, Be, C, W, and in compounds (mixed materials) of these elements as well as tritium removal techniques. The results of the CRP are summarized in this article together with recommendations for ITER. Basic parameters of diffusivity, solubility and trapping in Be, C and W are reviewed. For Be, the development of open porosity can account for transient hydrogenic pumping but long term retention will be dominated by codeposition. Codeposition is also the dominant retention mechanism for carbon and remains a serious concern for both Be and C containing layers. Hydrogenic trapping in unirradiated tungsten is low but will increase with ion and neutron damage. Mixed materials will be formed in a tokamak and these can also retain significant amounts of hydrogen isotopes. Oxidative and photon-based techniques for detritiation ofmore » plasma-facing components are described.« less