Deciphering the Origin of Dogs: From Fossils to Genomes
Deciphering the Origin of Dogs: From Fossils to Genomes
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DOI：
10.1146/annurev-animal-022114-110937
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发表时间：
2017-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Wayne, Robert K.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Freedman, Adam H.;Wayne, Robert K.
了解狗起源的时间和地理背景是了解人类历史的重要组成部分，以及狗与狼的形态和行为差异发生的进化背景。理解驯化的一个重大挑战是，狗经历了复杂的人口统计历史。最初的严重瓶颈与驯化有关，随后是狗和狼之间的分化后基因流动，以及人口扩张，收缩和更换。此外，由于狗的驯化发生在相对较近的过去，许多观察到的多态性可能在狗和狼之间共享，限制了区分狗历史的替代模型的能力。要更深入地了解驯化过程，就需要通过对欧亚大陆现代谱系和古代狼和狗的全基因组进行联合分析，对驯化的替代模型进行明确的测试。
Understanding the timing and geographic context of dog origins is a crucial component for understanding human history, as well as the evolutionary context in which the morphological and behavioral divergence of dogs from wolves occurred. A substantial challenge to understanding domestication is that dogs have experienced a complicated demographic history. An initial severe bottleneck was associated with domestication followed by postdivergence gene flow between dogs and wolves, as well as population expansions, contractions, and replacements. In addition, because the domestication of dogs occurred in the relatively recent past, much of the observed polymorphism may be shared between dogs and wolves, limiting the power to distinguish between alternative models of dog history. Greater insight into the domestication process will require explicit tests of alternative models of domestication through the joint analysis of whole genomes from modern lineages and ancient wolves and dogs from across Eurasia.