Corruption, Causes and Consequences
Corruption, Causes and Consequences
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腐败、原因和后果
DOI：
10.5772/intechopen.72953
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发表时间：
2018
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Stefan Sumah
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Stefan Sumah
腐败是社会中的常态，在所有文明中都会发生；然而，直到最近20年才开始认真探讨这一现象。它有许多不同的形状，以及许多不同的影响，对经济和整个社会都是如此。腐败的最常见原因是政治和经济环境、职业道德和道德，当然还有习惯、习俗、传统和人口结构。它对经济(以及更广泛的社会)的影响已经得到了很好的研究，但仍不完全。因此，腐败抑制了经济增长，影响了企业经营、就业和投资。它还减少了税收和各种财政援助计划的有效性。更广泛的社会受到高度腐败的影响，对法律和法治、教育以及生活质量(获得基础设施、医疗保健)的信任度降低。关于如何处理腐败问题，也没有一个明确的答案。在一个国家或地区奏效的东西不一定会在另一个国家或地区成功。本章试图回答至少几个关于腐败及其原因、后果和如何成功应对腐败的问题。
Corruption is a constant in the society and occurs in all civilizations; however, it has only been in the past 20 years that this phenomenon has begun being seriously explored. It has many different shapes as well as many various effects, both on the economy and the society at large. Among the most common causes of corruption are the political and economic environment, professional ethics and morality and, of course, habits, customs, tradition and demography. Its effects on the economy (and also on the wider society) are well researched, yet still not completely. Corruption thus inhibits economic growth and affects business operations, employment and investments. It also reduces tax revenue and the effectiveness of various financial assistance programs. The wider society is influenced by a high degree of corruption in terms of lowering of trust in the law and the rule of law, education and consequently the quality of life (access to infrastructure, health care). There also does not exist an unambiguous answer as to how to deal with corruption. Something that works in one country or in one region will not necessarily be successful in another. This chapter tries to answer at least a few questions about corruption and the causes for it, its consequences and how to deal with it successfully.