New Insights into the Inter-Individual Variability in Perspective Taking.
New Insights into the Inter-Individual Variability in Perspective Taking.
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DOI：
10.3390/vision1010008
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发表时间：
2017-01-03
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Samson, Dana
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Bukowski, Henryk;Samson, Dana
本研究旨在检验观点采择的个体差异是否可以用两个基本的认知维度来解释：处理自我中心观点与他人观点之间冲突的能力，以及处理自我中心观点与他人观点之间冲突时的相对注意力集中。我们对346名参与者进行了聚类分析，他们完成了视觉观点采择任务，评估了这两个认知维度的表现。个体差异最好通过形成四个观点采择者的集群或轮廓来减少。这种划分反映了沿沿着两个维度的高度异质性。此外，将观点采择表现分解为两个不同的认知维度更好地预测了参与者自我报告的日常生活观点采择倾向。总而言之，考虑注意力集中和冲突处理作为两个潜在的可变性来源允许形成一个二维空间，丰富了我们的理解的观点采择的个体差异。
This study aimed to test whether individual differences in perspective taking could be explained with two underpinning cognitive dimensions: The ability to handle the conflict between our egocentric perspective and another person's perspective and the relative attentional focus during processing on the egocentric perspective versus another person's perspective. We conducted cluster analyses on 346 participants who completed a visual perspective-taking task assessing performance on these two cognitive dimensions. Individual differences were best reduced by forming four clusters, or profiles, of perspective-takers. This partition reflected a high heterogeneity along both dimensions. In addition, deconstructing the perspective-taking performance into two distinct cognitive dimensions better predicted participants' self-reported everyday life perspective-taking tendencies. Altogether, considering attentional focus and conflict handling as two potential sources of variability allows forming a two-dimensional space that enriches our understanding of the individual differences in perspective taking.