SOLVING BERNSTEIN PROBLEM - A PROPOSAL FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF COORDINATED MOVEMENT BY SELECTION
SOLVING BERNSTEIN PROBLEM - A PROPOSAL FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF COORDINATED MOVEMENT BY SELECTION
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1467-8624.1993.tb04182.x
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发表时间：
1993-08-01
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
EDELMAN, GM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
SPORNS, O;EDELMAN, GM
近年来，人类运动发展理论中的许多既定概念发生了深刻的变化，我们的知识有了很大的增长。尽管如此，一些突出问题仍未解决。一个中心问题涉及有效运动的冗余，这是N. a.伯恩斯坦。人体运动系统在机械上是复杂的，可以利用大量的自由度。这种系统的受控操作需要通过减少自由度的数量来有效地减少机械冗余。最近的研究表明，这个问题很难通过计算系统运动方程的解来明确解决。传统计算方法同样具有挑战性的是，运动系统在发育过程中以及面对不同的环境条件或任务时，在运动器官的生物力学特性变化的情况下表现出显着的适应性和灵活性。这些问题的解决将对儿童发展中的各种问题产生重大影响。在这篇文章中，我们强调的重要性，体细胞选择的神经元群体在地图上的一个主要的运动剧目逐步转化为一组电机的协同作用和自适应的行动模式。我们提出了一个简单的电机系统，根据这样的选择原则的工作从计算机模拟的结果。这种方法提出了一个临时解决伯恩斯坦的问题，并提供了新的参数，以指导实验方法的发展感觉运动协调。
In recent years, many established concepts in the theory of human motor development have undergone profound change, and our knowledge has increased greatly. Nevertheless, some outstanding problems remain unsolved. A central problem concerns the redundancy of effective movements, first pointed out by N. A. Bernstein. The human motor system is mechanically complex and can make use of a large number of degrees of freedom. The controlled operation of such a system requires a reduction of mechanical redundancy, effectively by reducing the number of degrees of freedom. More recent work has shown that this problem is hard to solve explicitly by computing solutions to the equations of motion of the system. Equally challenging to traditional computational approaches is the fact the motor systems show remarkable adaptability and flexibility in the presence of changing biomechanical properties of motor organs during development and when faced with different environmental conditions or tasks. Solutions to these problems would have a large impact on a variety of issues in child development. In this article, we stress the importance of the somatic selection of neuronal groups in maps for the progressive transformation of a primary movement repertoire into a set of motor synergies and adaptive action patterns. We present results from computer simulations of a simple motor system that works according to such selectional principles. This approach suggests a provisional solution to Bernstein's problem and provides new parameters to guide experimental approaches to the development of sensorimotor coordination.