A circadian oscillator in the fungus Botrytis cinerea regulates virulence when infecting Arabidopsis thaliana
A circadian oscillator in the fungus Botrytis cinerea regulates virulence when infecting Arabidopsis thaliana
复制标题
DOI：
10.1073/pnas.1508432112
复制
发表时间：
2015-07-14
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
Larrondo, Luis F.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hevia, Montserrat A.;Canessa, Paulo;Larrondo, Luis F.
植物模式拟南芥的生物钟调节影响植物-病原体相互作用的防御机制。然而，生物钟调节对致病性状的影响还没有详细探讨。此外，在病原真菌或真菌一般的模式子囊菌粗糙脉孢菌以外的时钟的分子描述已被忽视，留下这类问题在很大程度上未得到解决。因此，我们试图描述植物病原体灰葡萄孢的昼夜节律系统，以评估这种振荡机制是否可以调节其毒力潜力。在这里，我们证明了在B中存在一个功能时钟。cinerea，它与脉孢菌昼夜节律系统共享类似的组件和电路，尽管我们发现其核心负时钟元件频率（BcFRQ 1）提供额外的角色，表明这种蛋白质的昼夜节律功能。我们观察到，这种necrotrophic真菌在拟南芥叶片上产生的病变较小时，这两种生物体之间的相互作用发生在黎明。值得注意的是，这种影响并不仅仅取决于植物时钟，而是在很大程度上依赖于病原体的昼夜节律系统。B的遗传破坏。通过突变、BcFRQ 1的过表达或通过恒定光照抑制其节律性来抑制灰霉病菌振荡子，废除了真菌毒力的昼夜节律调节。通过进行异相光暗周期的实验，我们证实，确实是真菌时钟在定义葡萄孢-葡萄孢相互作用的结果中起着主要作用，为我们提供了微生物时钟在一天中特定时间调节致病性状的第一个证据。
The circadian clock of the plant model Arabidopsis thaliana modulates defense mechanisms impacting plant-pathogen interactions. Nevertheless, the effect of clock regulation on pathogenic traits has not been explored in detail. Moreover, molecular description of clocks in pathogenic fungi-or fungi in general other than the model ascomycete Neurospora crassa-has been neglected, leaving this type of question largely unaddressed. We sought to characterize, therefore, the circadian system of the plant pathogen Botrytis cinerea to assess if such oscillatory machinery can modulate its virulence potential. Herein, we show the existence of a functional clock in B. cinerea, which shares similar components and circuitry with the Neurospora circadian system, although we found that its core negative clock element FREQUENCY (BcFRQ1) serves additional roles, suggesting extracircadian functions for this protein. We observe that the lesions produced by this necrotrophic fungus on Arabidopsis leaves are smaller when the interaction between these two organisms occurs at dawn. Remarkably, this effect does not depend solely on the plant clock, but instead largely relies on the pathogen circadian system. Genetic disruption of the B. cinerea oscillator by mutation, overexpression of BcFRQ1, or by suppression of its rhythmicity by constant light, abrogates circadian regulation of fungal virulence. By conducting experiments with out-of-phase light: dark cycles, we confirm that indeed, it is the fungal clock that plays the main role in defining the outcome of the Arabidopsis-Botrytis interaction, providing to our knowledge the first evidence of a microbial clock modulating pathogenic traits at specific times of the day.