Relationships of physical activity with dietary behaviors among adults
Relationships of physical activity with dietary behaviors among adults
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DOI：
10.1006/pmed.2000.0812
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发表时间：
2001-03-01
影响因子：
5.1
通讯作者：
Friedman, RH
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gillman, MW;Pinto, BM;Friedman, RH
背景。体育活动和饮食对健康有重要影响，但关于这两个因素之间关系的数据很少。本研究的目的是检查身体活动和饮食质量之间的关系，并确定久坐行为和次优饮食组合的决定因素。本研究采用横断面设计。研究背景是一个大型管理式医疗机构，参与者是1322名年龄在25-91岁之间的不同种族的男性和女性。我们根据受访者回答的关于特定活动强度和持续时间的两个有效问题，将受试者的身体活动分为剧烈、适度和久坐。饮食评估是通过一个有效的短食物频率问卷。我们将次优饮食定义为食用以下五类食物中至少两种的不健康量：水果、蔬菜、全谷物食品、全脂乳制品、红肉和加工肉类。754名（57%）研究对象久坐不动，617名（47%）饮食不佳。使用多元线性回归，我们发现久坐不动的个体比更活跃的参与者消耗更少的被认为是健康的食物和营养物质，如水果和蔬菜、纤维、钙、叶酸和维生素A、C和E。对于被认为有害的营养物质，如饱和脂肪、反式脂肪和膳食胆固醇，与身体活动的关系是相反的。在多元logistic回归分析中，缺乏运动和不良饮食的社会人口学相关性最强的因素是受教育程度较低[1年比值比下降1.14(95%可信区间1.06,1.22)]、非白人[1.48(1.05,2.07)]和未婚[1.49(1.06,2.10)]。体育活动和饮食质量是相关的行为。不理想的饮食和久坐行为往往集中在受教育程度较低、未婚和非白种人身上。以饮食和活动为目标的计划，根据它们的共同决定因素，可能会获得更好的结果。(C) 2001年美国卫生基金会和学术出版社。
Background. Physical activity and diet are important influences on health, but few data are available about the relationship between these two factors. The purpose of this study was to examine relationships between physical activity and dietary quality and to identify determinants of the combination of sedentary behavior and suboptimal diet.Methods. The design of this study was cross-sectional. The setting was a large managed-care organization and the participants were 1,322 racially diverse men and women ages 25-91 years. We categorized subjects' physical activity into vigorous, moderate, and sedentary based on answers to two validated interviewer-administered questions about intensity and duration of specified activities. Dietary assessment was by means of a validated short food frequency questionnaire. We defined suboptimal diet as consuming unhealthful quantities of at least two of the following five food groups: fruits, vegetables, whole grain foods, whole-fat dairy foods, and red and processed meats.Results. Seven hundred fifty-four (57%) subjects were sedentary and 617 (47%) consumed a suboptimal diet. Using multiple linear regression, we found that sedentary individuals consumed smaller amounts of foods and nutrients considered to be healthful, such as fruits and vegetables, fiber, calcium, folate, and vitamins A, C, and E, than more active participants. For nutrients considered to be harmful, such as saturated fat, trans fat, and dietary cholesterol, the association with physical activity was inverse. In multiple logistic regression analyses, the strongest sociodemographic correlates of the joint presence of inactivity and poor diet were less education [odds ratio for 1-year decrease 1.14 (95% confidence interval 1.06, 1.22)], nonwhite race [1.48 (1.05, 2.07)], and nonmarried status [1.49 (1.06, 2.10)].Conclusions. Physical activity and diet quality are correlated behaviors. Suboptimal diet and sedentary behavior tend to cluster in individuals who are less educated, not married, and of nonwhite race. Programs that target diet and activity together, informed by their joint determinants, may attain enhanced outcomes. (C) 2001 American Health Foundation and Academic Press.