Insights into the genetic regulatory network underlying neurogenesis in the parthenogenetic marbled crayfish Procambarus virginalis
Insights into the genetic regulatory network underlying neurogenesis in the parthenogenetic marbled crayfish Procambarus virginalis
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DOI：
10.1002/dneu.22852
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发表时间：
2021-10-24
影响因子：
3
通讯作者：
Beltz, Barbara S.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Brenneis, Georg;Schwentner, Martin;Beltz, Barbara S.
神经系统发育在昆虫（特别是果蝇）中得到了深入研究，为控制神经干细胞（成神经细胞）的形成和维持及其后代分化的遗传调控网络提供了详细的见解。尽管在过去的二十年中取得了显着的进展，在其他节肢动物群体的神经发生仍然比较不太清楚，阻碍进化细胞类型的转换和在节肢动物生命树的一些分支的遗传调控网络的变化的更精细的分辨率。虽然软甲介类甲壳动物的神经细胞机制在形态学上得到了很好的描述，但其遗传分子特征仍有待研究。为了解决这个问题，我们建立了一个原位杂交协议的小龙虾原螯虾Virginalis和研究胚胎表达模式的一套关键基因，包括三个SoxB组转录因子，两个achaete-scute同源物，蜗牛家族成员，分化决定因素普洛斯彼罗和脑肿瘤，和神经元标记Elav。我们的文件细胞类型的表达模式与昆虫和鳃足类甲壳动物有显着的相似性，贷款进一步支持六足类甲壳动物神经母细胞和它们的细胞谱系的同源性。值得注意的是，在小龙虾的头部区域，细胞从神经外胚层迁移加上基因表达数据点的成神经细胞独立的脑神经发生的初始阶段。此外，SoxB组的表达模式表明Dichaete参与分割，与昆虫一致。我们的目标基因集是一个有前途的起点，为进一步的胚胎研究，以及在成年小龙虾大脑中的神经系统的亚区域和细胞类型的分子遗传学表征。
Nervous system development has been intensely studied in insects (especially Drosophila melanogaster), providing detailed insights into the genetic regulatory network governing the formation and maintenance of the neural stem cells (neuroblasts) and the differentiation of their progeny. Despite notable advances over the last two decades, neurogenesis in other arthropod groups remains by comparison less well understood, hampering finer resolution of evolutionary cell type transformations and changes in the genetic regulatory network in some branches of the arthropod tree of life. Although the neurogenic cellular machinery in malacostracan crustaceans is well described morphologically, its genetic molecular characterization is pending. To address this, we established an in situ hybridization protocol for the crayfish Procambarus virginalis and studied embryonic expression patterns of a suite of key genes, encompassing three SoxB group transcription factors, two achaete-scute homologs, a Snail family member, the differentiation determinants Prospero and Brain tumor, and the neuron marker Elav. We document cell type expression patterns with notable similarities to insects and branchiopod crustaceans, lending further support to the homology of hexapod-crustacean neuroblasts and their cell lineages. Remarkably, in the crayfish head region, cell emigration from the neuroectoderm coupled with gene expression data points to a neuroblast-independent initial phase of brain neurogenesis. Further, SoxB group expression patterns suggest an involvement of Dichaete in segmentation, in concordance with insects. Our target gene set is a promising starting point for further embryonic studies, as well as for the molecular genetic characterization of subregions and cell types in the neurogenic systems in the adult crayfish brain.