Glucose transporter 3 in neuronal glucose metabolism: Health and diseases
Glucose transporter 3 in neuronal glucose metabolism: Health and diseases
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神经元葡萄糖代谢中的葡萄糖转运蛋白 3：健康与疾病
DOI：
10.1016/j.metabol.2021.154869
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发表时间：
2021-08-27
影响因子：
9.8
通讯作者：
Chen, Lifen
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Peng, Wuxue;Tan, Changhong;Chen, Lifen
神经元主要依靠葡萄糖转运蛋白3（GLUT3）从细胞外环境获取葡萄糖以产生能量。GLUT3以高亲和力和大转运能力摄取葡萄糖，并且对神经元能量代谢很重要。本文综述了神经元GLUT 3在生理条件下和疾病中对脑代谢、功能和发育的作用，旨在为神经元葡萄糖代谢及其对脑的影响提供新的认识。GLUT3稳定神经元葡萄糖摄取和利用，影响大脑发育和功能，并改善衰老相关表现。神经元GLUT3在生理条件下受突触活动、激素、营养、胰岛素和胰岛素样生长因子1的调节，并且还受缺氧缺血的上调。GLUT 3相关的神经元葡萄糖和能量代谢可能参与阿尔茨海默病、亨廷顿病、注意力缺陷多动障碍和癫痫等脑疾病的发病机制、病理生理机制、进展或预后。GLUT3可能是这些疾病的一个有前途的治疗靶点。本文还简要讨论了其他葡萄糖转运蛋白在神经元葡萄糖代谢中的作用，它们与GLUT 3共同维持和稳定神经元的葡萄糖和能量供应。这些葡萄糖转运蛋白的缺乏也可能参与脑部疾病，特别是GLUT 1和GLUT 4。(c)2021爱思唯尔公司All rights reserved.
Neurons obtain glucose from extracellular environment for energy production mainly depending on glucose transporter 3 (GLUT3). GLUT3 uptakes glucose with high affinity and great transport capacity, and is important for neuronal energy metabolism. This review summarized the role of neuronal GLUT3 in brain metabolism, function and development under both physiological conditions and in diseases, aiming to provide insights into neuronal glucose metabolism and its effect on brain. GLUT3 stabilizes neuronal glucose uptake and utilization, influences brain development and function, and ameliorates aging-related manifestations. Neuronal GLUT3 is regulated by synaptic activity, hormones, nutrition, insulin and insulin-like growth factor 1 in physiological conditions, and is also upregulated by hypoxia-ischemia. GLUT3-related neuronal glucose and energy metabolism is possibly involved in the pathogenesis, pathophysiological mechanism, progression or prognosis of brain diseases, including Alzheimer's disease, Huntington's disease, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and epilepsy. GLUT3 may be a promising therapeutic target of these diseases. This review also briefly discussed the role of other glucose transporters in neuronal glucose metabolism, which work together with GLUT3 to sustain and stabilize glucose and energy supply for neurons. Deficiency in these glucose transporters may also participate in brain diseases, especially GLUT1 and GLUT4. (c) 2021 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.