Reconstruction of the Frequency-Wavenumber Spectrum of Water Waves With an Airborne Acoustic Doppler Array for Noncontact River Monitoring
Reconstruction of the Frequency-Wavenumber Spectrum of Water Waves With an Airborne Acoustic Doppler Array for Noncontact River Monitoring
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DOI：
10.1109/tgrs.2024.3358672
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发表时间：
2024
影响因子：
8.2
通讯作者：
G. Dolcetti;A. Krynkin;M. Alkmim;Jacques Cuenca;L. De Ryck;G. Sailor;Fabio Muraro;Simon Tait;K. Horoshenkov
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
G. Dolcetti;A. Krynkin;M. Alkmim;Jacques Cuenca;L. De Ryck;G. Sailor;Fabio Muraro;Simon Tait;K. Horoshenkov
这项工作提出了一种基于用麦克风阵列测量的散射声的复杂声多普勒谱来重建水波频率波数谱的新方法。重建基于声波散射方程的一阶小粗糙度振幅展开，通过奇异值分解对其进行离散化和反演。通过固定相展开来证明这种方法与一阶布拉格散射问题的类比。该方法能够在粗糙度高度与声波波长之比小于0.1、表面波长大于声波波长的1/2时重建水波的色散关系。该方法根据合成数据以及实验室和现场实验的数据进行了验证，以证明其对 2D 和 3D 复杂水波模式的适用性，特别是对明渠湍流中自然产生的表面变形的适用性。将重建数据与分析色散关系进行拟合，可以对水力条件下的底层流速进行非接触式估计，其中不同类型的湍流强制和自由传播的水波的共存将限制标准非接触式多普勒测速方法的准确性，从而为使用声学进行稳健且准确的非接触式河流监测铺平了道路。
This work presents a novel method to reconstruct the frequency-wavenumber spectrum of water waves based on the complex acoustic Doppler spectra of scattered sound measured with an array of microphones. The reconstruction is based on a first-order small-roughness-amplitude expansion of the acoustic wave scattering equation, which is discretized and inverted by means of a singular value decomposition. An analogy of this approach to the first-order Bragg scattering problem is demonstrated by means of a stationary phase expansion. The approach enables the reconstruction of the dispersion relation of water waves when the ratio between roughness height and acoustic wavelength is less than 0.1, and when the surface wavelength is larger than 1/2 of the acoustic wavelength. The method is validated against synthetic data and data from laboratory and field experiments, to demonstrate its applicability to 2-D and 3-D complex patterns of water waves, and specifically to the surface deformations that arise naturally in a turbulent open-channel flow. Fitting the reconstructed data with the analytical dispersion relation enables the noncontact estimate of the underlying flow velocity for hydraulic conditions where the coexistence of different types of turbulence-forced and freely propagating water waves would limit the accuracy of standard noncontact Doppler velocimetry approaches, paving the way for robust and accurate noncontact river monitoring using acoustics.