Activity of smooth pursuit-related neurons in the monkey periarcuate cortex during pursuit and passive whole-body rotation
Activity of smooth pursuit-related neurons in the monkey periarcuate cortex during pursuit and passive whole-body rotation
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DOI：
10.1152/jn.2000.83.1.563
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发表时间：
2000-01-01
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Kaneko, CRS
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fukushima, K;Sato, T;Kaneko, CRS
流畅的追逐和前庭诱发的眼球运动相互作用，以维持空间中眼球运动的准确性(即凝视)。为了了解额叶眼场在追逐-前庭相互作用中所起的作用，我们检测了头部稳定的日本猕猴在追逐眼球运动和被动全身旋转过程中弓状体区110个神经元的活动。大多数(92%)受试者在抑制前庭眼球反射(VOR)时，在与椅子在同一平面上以相同幅度和相位移动的目标时，其调制反应的峰值接近峰值刺激速度。我们将追踪相关神经元(n=100)归类为凝视速度，如果眼睛(追逐)和头部(VOR抑制)在同一方向运动时出现峰值调制；其中一个过程中的调制幅度小于另一个的两倍；在目标静止空间条件下(VOR X1)的调制低于VOR抑制过程中的调制。此外，我们检查了VOR增强(X2)过程中的反应，在该过程中，目标以与椅子相同的幅度移动，但方向相反。凝视速度神经元在VOR x2和抑制时对相反方向的反应最大。根据这些标准，大多数追踪相关神经元(66%)被归类为凝视速度，优先方向均匀分布。由于大多数剩余细胞(32/34)在VOR抑制过程中也有反应，因此它们被归类为眼/头速度神经元。同方向优先追踪和VOR抑制13例，相反方向13例，VOR抑制时出现双相调制6例。两组细胞的眼速敏感度和凝视速度敏感度相似，平均(+/-SD)分别为0.53+/-0.30和0.50+/-0.44棘波/S/度/S。凝视速度(但不是眼睛/头部速度)神经元显示眼睛和凝视速度敏感度之间存在显著的相关性，当跟踪目标短暂熄灭时，两组神经元都保持了它们的反应。大多数PUR套装相关神经元(28/43=约65%)在完全黑暗中对椅子旋转有反应。当猴子注视固定的靶点时，超过一半(21/40)的受试细胞与第二个激光斑点的视网膜运动速度成正比(平均速度敏感度=0.2+/-0.16个尖峰/S每度/S)。单个细胞对第二个点的偏好方向与追逐过程中的方向相似。即使当第二个斑点运动被短暂熄灭时，它的视觉反应也保持不变。这些结果表明，视网膜图像和凝视速度信号都是由单个弓状体周追赶相关神经元携带的，这表明这些信号可以在追逐-前庭相互作用中提供目标空间速度和凝视速度指令。
Smooth pursuit and vestibularly induced eye movements interact to maintain the accuracy of eye movements in space (i.e., gaze). To understand the role played by the frontal eye fields in pursuit-vestibular interactions, we examined activity of 110 neurons in the periarcuate areas of head-stabilized Japanese monkeys during pursuit eye movements and passive whole-body rotation. The majority (92%) responded with the peak of their modulation near peak stimulus velocity during suppression of the vestibuloocular reflex (VOR) when the monkeys tracked a target that moved with the same amplitude and phase and in the same plane as the chair. We classified pursuit-related neurons (n = 100) as gaze velocity if their peak modulation occurred for eye (pursuit) and head (VOR suppression) movements in the same direction; the amplitude of modulation during one less than twice that of the other; and modulation was lower during target-stationary-in-space condition (VOR x1) than during VOR suppression. In addition, we examined responses during VOR enhancement (x2) in which the target moved with equal amplitude as, but opposite direction to, the chair. Gaze-velocity neurons responded maximally for opposite directions during VOR x2 and suppression. Based on these criteria, the majority of pursuit-related neurons (66%) were classified as gaze-velocity with preferred directions uniformly distributed. Because the majority of the remaining cells (32/34) also responded during VOR suppression, they were classified as eye/head-velocity neurons. Thirteen preferred pursuit and VOR suppression in the same direction; 13 in the opposite direction, and 6 showed biphasic modulation during VOR suppression. Eye- and gaze-velocity sensitivity of the two groups of cells were similar; mean (+/- SD) was 0.53 +/- 0.30 and 0.50 +/- 0.44 spikes/s per degrees/s, respectively. Gaze-velocity (but not eye/head-velocity) neurons showed significant correlation between eye- and gaze-velocity sensitivity, and both groups maintained their responses when the tracking target was extinguished briefly. The majority of pur suit-related neurons (28/43 = about 65%) responded to chair rotation in complete darkness. When the monkeys fixated a stationary target, more than half of cells tested (21/40) discharged in proportion to the velocity of retinal motion of a second laser spot (mean velocity sensitivity = 0.20 +/- 0.16 spikes/s per degrees/s). Preferred directions of individual cells to the second spot were similar to those during pursuit. Visual responses to the second spot movement were maintained even when it was extinguished briefly. These results indicate that both retinal image- and gaze-velocity signals are carried by single periarcuate pursuit-related neurons, suggesting that these signals can provide target-velocity-in-space and gaze-velocity commands during pursuit-vestibular interactions.