Towards real-time VMAT verification using a prototype, high-speed CMOS active pixel sensor.
Towards real-time VMAT verification using a prototype, high-speed CMOS active pixel sensor.
复制标题
使用原型高速 CMOS 有源像素传感器进行实时 VMAT 验证。
DOI：
10.1088/0031-9155/58/10/3359
复制
发表时间：
2013
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
Zin HM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Zin HM
这项工作研究了使用原型互补金属氧化物半导体有源像素传感器 (CMOS APS) 实时验证体积调制电弧疗法 (VMAT) 治疗的可行性。原型 CMOS APS 使用芯片上读出的感兴趣区域来实现高达每秒 403.6 帧 (f/s) 的快速成像。利用光刻技术的最新进展，传感器变得更大（5.4厘米×5.4厘米），但通过传感器的区域读出保持快速成像速度。随着 VMAT 等先进治疗技术的出现，放射治疗验证发生了范式转变。这项工作证明，即使在最快的成像速度下，APS 也可以通过自动边缘跟踪算法跟踪以 18 mm s−1 移动的多叶准直器 (MLC) 叶片，精度优于 1.0 mm。对以 50.4 f/s 采样的 VMAT 传输示例的测量注量分布进行评估表明，与计划的注量分布非常吻合，在 3%/3 mm 时平均伽马通过率为 96%。还可以测量整个 VMAT 治疗过程中传递的 MLC 叶片运动和直线加速器脉率变化。结果证明了 CMOS APS 技术作为实时放射治疗剂量计的潜力，可用于 VMAT 等复杂治疗。
This work investigates the feasibility of using a prototype complementary metal oxide semiconductor active pixel sensor (CMOS APS) for real-time verification of volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) treatment. The prototype CMOS APS used region of interest read out on the chip to allow fast imaging of up to 403.6 frames per second (f/s). The sensor was made larger (5.4 cm× 5.4 cm) using recent advances in photolithographic technique but retains fast imaging speed with the sensor's regional read out. There is a paradigm shift in radiotherapy treatment verification with the advent of advanced treatment techniques such as VMAT. This work has demonstrated that the APS can track multi leaf collimator (MLC) leaves moving at 18 mm s− 1 with an automatic edge tracking algorithm at accuracy better than 1.0 mm even at the fastest imaging speed. Evaluation of the measured fluence distribution for an example VMAT delivery sampled at 50.4 f/s was shown to agree well with the planned fluence distribution, with an average gamma pass rate of 96% at 3%/3 mm. The MLC leaves motion and linac pulse rate variation delivered throughout the VMAT treatment can also be measured. The results demonstrate the potential of CMOS APS technology as a real-time radiotherapy dosimeter for delivery of complex treatments such as VMAT.