Integrating evidence-based teaching practices into the Mammalogy classroom
Integrating evidence-based teaching practices into the Mammalogy classroom
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DOI：
10.1093/jmammal/gyad011
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发表时间：
2023-02-26
影响因子：
1.7
通讯作者：
Dizney, Laurie
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Patrick, Lorelei E.;Duggan, Jennifer M.;Dizney, Laurie
大学理科课堂的教学方法对哪些学生通过课程（并继续主修理科）、哪些学生被“淘汰”有着深远的影响。与非边缘化的同龄人相比，来自传统边缘化背景的学生在严重依赖讲课和高风险考试的课程上的成绩和学习成果都较低。当教师采用以学生为中心、以证据为基础的教学实践时，这种成绩差距会缩小或消失。这些教学实践可以包括塑造课堂环境、交流课程材料和评估学生学习情况的行动。在本文中，我们总结了支持使用以学生为中心的教学实践的证据，然后提供了几个有效的循证教学实践的例子，这些实践可以整合到有机课程中。例子包括教师的包容心态、提高学生信心和减少刻板印象威胁的教学实践、通过在几种不同类型的活动中分散点来增加课程结构、几种主动学习方法、拼图、科学家聚光灯、基于课程的本科生研究经历和基于探究的实验室。每个例子都与支持资源相关联，以帮助教师在课堂上轻松实施这些实践。美国哺乳动物学家协会通过许多倡议努力做到公平和包容，修改我们的教学实践可以增加公平和包容未来的哺乳动物学家进入我们自己的课堂。
The teaching practices used in college science classrooms have a profound influence on which students pass their courses (and continue to major in science) and which are 'weeded out.' Students from traditionally marginalized backgrounds have lower grades and learning gains compared to their nonmarginalized peers in courses that rely heavily on lecture and high-stakes exams. This achievement gap narrows or disappears when instructors use student-centered, evidence-based teaching practices. These teaching practices can include actions that shape our classroom environment, communicate course material, and assess student learning. In this paper, we provide a summary of the evidence supporting the use of student-centered teaching practices, followed by examples of several effective evidence-based teaching practices that can be integrated into organismal courses. Examples include faculty mindset for inclusion, teaching practices to increase student confidence and to reduce stereotype threat, increasing course structure by spreading points among several different types of activities, several active learning methods, jigsaws, Scientist Spotlights, course-based undergraduate research experiences, and inquiry-based labs. Each example is linked to supporting resources to help instructors easily implement these practices in their classrooms. The American Society of Mammalogists endeavors to be equitable and inclusive through numerous initiatives, and modifying our teaching practices can increase equity and inclusion of future mammalogists into our own classrooms.