Cost of complex behaviour and its implications in antipredator defence in orb-web spiders
Cost of complex behaviour and its implications in antipredator defence in orb-web spiders
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球网蜘蛛复杂行为的成本及其对捕食者防御的影响
DOI：
10.1016/j.anbehav.2016.07.034
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发表时间：
2016
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Kensuke Nakata and Yoshihisa Mori
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
中嶋康裕;小蕎圭太;関澤彩眞;Kensuke Nakata and Yoshihisa Mori
我们发现了蜘蛛网构建过程中复杂行为的时间成本。复杂网络的铺线速度低于简单网络。我们还发现了复杂行为的生态学意义。蜘蛛在暴露于捕食者刺激后构建的复杂网络不那么复杂。复杂行为的时间成本介导了食品安全权衡。复杂行为可能会产生成本。我们假设在这里，两种圆网蜘蛛，Cyclosa argenteoalba和Eriophora sagana，建网行为更复杂时，他们的网是不对称的，从上到下比当他们的网是对称的。这种假设的理由是，虽然蜘蛛必须调整它们在不同网络部门的螺旋构建行为以构建不对称的网络，但它们不必为对称网络做出这些调整。为了估计构建更多不对称网络所需的成本，我们测量了蜘蛛构建具有各种上下尺寸不对称的圆网所需的时间，并将其用作衡量网络构建行为复杂性的指标。结果表明，即使螺旋线的长度相同，蜘蛛也需要更多的时间来铺设螺旋线，因为它们的网变得更加不对称，这表明处理复杂信息的时间成本。此外，我们发现，蜘蛛建立更多的对称网络时，他们认为捕食的风险，也许是为了减少网络建设的时间，在此期间，他们更容易受到攻击。这表明，行为复杂性的成本可能介导种间相互作用的结果，因此可能是生态上的重要性。
HighlightsWe found time cost of complex behaviour in spider web building.Thread-laying speed was lower in complex than simple webs.We also found an ecological implication of complex behaviour.Spiders built less complex webs after being exposed to predator stimuli.Time cost of complex behaviour mediates food–safety trade-offs.Complex behaviour may incur a cost. We assumed here that web-building behaviour for two species of orb-web spider, Cyclosa argenteoalba and Eriophora sagana, was more complex when their webs were asymmetric from top to bottom than when their webs were symmetric. The rationale for this assumption was that, while spiders have to adjust their spiral building behaviour in different web sectors to build asymmetric webs, they do not have to make these adjustments for symmetric webs. To estimate the costs involved in building more asymmetric webs, we measured the time taken for spiders to build orb-webs with various up-down size asymmetries and used this as a measure of the complexity of web-building behaviour. The results showed that the spiders required more time to lay the spiral threads as their webs became more asymmetric even when the length of spiral threads was the same, suggesting a time cost of processing complex information. Furthermore, we found that spiders built more symmetric webs when they perceived a risk of predation, perhaps to reduce the web-building time during which they are more vulnerable. This suggests that the cost of behavioural complexity may mediate the outcome of interspecific interactions and thus may be ecologically important.