An investigation of palaeodietary variability in European Pleistocene canids
An investigation of palaeodietary variability in European Pleistocene canids
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DOI：
10.1016/j.quascirev.2014.04.015
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发表时间：
2014-07-15
影响因子：
4
通讯作者：
Schreve, Danielle C.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Flower, Lucy O. H.;Schreve, Danielle C.
时间和种间的饮食变异性进行了研究，在三个犬科动物类群，犬狼疮，犬mosbachensis和犬etruscus，在一系列的英国和欧洲大陆狼组合从早更新世到最近的时期。使用既定的颅齿指标，以揭示饮食专业化对骨吃，肉切片，非肉类食品粉碎，推断有关的比例肉，非肉类食品的饮食，因此，通过每个taxon.Significant的时间差异的水平camivory的饮食和频率的牙齿磨损的C狼疮MIS 3，5A和7在英国。根据较低的食肉动物长度的相对身体大小的比较也揭示了更新世年龄组的身体大小的变化，与饮食的差异。逐步判别函数分析显示，体型较大的MIS 5a C狼疮是过度肉食性的，擅长快速切割肉，并在一定程度上消耗骨骼，而体型相对较小的MIS 3和7 C。红斑狼疮的食肉性更低，更擅长压碎非肉类食物。瑞典中部的现代狼比MIS 5a和hypercarnivorous的狼小，尽管更专业化地粉碎非肉类食物。饮食的时间变化与猎物多样性的变化，其他食肉动物的竞争，环境的开放性，并最终气候，并反映了C狼疮的颅齿可塑性。与此相反，没有发现饮食的时间差异，在年龄组的C。mosbachensis和C etruscus，这可能涉及到更稳定的整体条件相比，更新世晚期。的颅齿特征的较小的身体mesocarnivore C etruscus表明适应非肉类食品粉碎，而在同样小C mosbachensis，增强的肉切片能力和减少粉碎能力表明，它比C etruscus更食肉。C. etruscus和C mosbachensis都比C lupus更特化。(C)2014爱思唯尔有限公司版权所有。
Temporal and interspecific dietary variability were investigated in three canid taxa, Canis lupus, Canis mosbachensis and Canis etruscus, across a range of British and mainland European wolf assemblages from the Early Pleistocene to Recent periods. Using established cranio-dental indicators to reveal dietary specialisations towards bone eating, flesh slicing, and non-flesh food crushing, inferences were made concerning the proportions of flesh to non-flesh foods in the diet, and hence the level of camivory adopted by each taxon. Significant temporal differences were found in the diet and frequency of tooth wear of C lupus from MIS 3, 5a and 7 in Britain. Relative body size comparisons based on lower carnassial length also revealed variation in body size for the Pleistocene age groups, correlating with differences in diet. Stepwise Discriminant Function Analyses revealed large-bodied MIS 5a C lupus to be hypercarnivorous and specialised in fast flesh slicing and to some extent bone consumption, whereas relatively smaller-bodied MIS 3 and 7 C. lupus were both less carnivorous and more specialised in crushing nonmeat foods. Modern wolves from central Sweden are smaller than those of MIS 5a and hypercarnivorous, although with greater specialisation towards crushing of non-meat foods. Temporal variations in diet were related to changes in prey diversity, competition from other carnivores, openness of the environment, and ultimately climate, and reflect the cranio-dental plasticity of C lupus. In contrast, no temporal differences in diet were found in age groups of C. mosbachensis and C etruscus, which may relate to more stable overall conditions in comparison to the later Pleistocene. The cranio-dental characteristics of the smaller-bodied mesocarnivore C etruscus indicate adaptations to non-meat food crushing, whereas in the similarly small C mosbachensis, enhanced flesh slicing capabilities and reduced crushing abilities indicate that it was more carnivorous than C etruscus. C. etruscus and C mosbachensis were both more specialised than C lupus. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.