DIFFERENTIAL PROJECTIONS OF OLFACTORY BULB AND ACCESSORY OLFACTORY BULB IN MAMMALS
DIFFERENTIAL PROJECTIONS OF OLFACTORY BULB AND ACCESSORY OLFACTORY BULB IN MAMMALS
复制标题
DOI：
10.1002/cne.901610105
复制
发表时间：
1975-01-01
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
WINANS, SS
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
SCALIA, F;WINANS, SS
研究人员对三个物种进行了研究：兔子、负鼠和大鼠。 Fink-Heimer法测定，主嗅球病变导致终末变性，发生在同侧嗅结节、梨状皮层（包括其周围杏仁核部分）、腹外侧内嗅区以及皮质杏仁核的前外侧部分和后外侧部分。同侧前嗅核的各个部分和海马前延续（海马残基）的头腹端也接受了这种投影。从犁鼻器（雅各布森氏）器官接收感觉输入的副嗅球的损伤导致内侧杏仁核和皮质杏仁核后内侧部分发生终末变性。这种投射是由副嗅道传递的，其部分路线伴随着一个小核，即副嗅道的床核。副嗅道最初是侧嗅道的一部分，但在更靠后的水平变得越来越个体化。它在杏仁核区的头端与外侧嗅束分开，除了分布到内侧皮质杏仁核区外，它还进入终纹并终止于终纹床核中的一个小区域，该区域的细胞结构与内侧杏仁核相似。嗅觉和副嗅觉（犁鼻）投射终止区域的地形分离暗示了嗅觉系统组织中的功能二分法。从这些结果中可以明显看出，对经典描述的皮质内侧杏仁核组的基本细分的新解释是明显的，并得到了并发细胞结构分析的支持。据观察，内侧杏仁核（犁鼻核）和前皮质核（嗅觉核）一起形成几乎均匀的小细胞区域。后内侧皮质核（犁鼻）和后外侧皮质核（嗅觉）形成一个较大的细胞区域。因此，皮质内侧区域的象限细分允许两种有意义的细分模式：沿着犁鼻嗅边界的内侧划分和根据细胞组成的前后划分。在此分析的背景下，经常描述的内侧杏仁核的后部延伸被否认。根据犁鼻和嗅觉通路的分离在进一步投射到间脑中得以维持的假设，回顾了终纹成分的起源。在关于终纹起源的实验研究中，尚未考虑杏仁核皮质内侧区域的象限组成，但犁鼻嗅觉复合体的间脑投影的分辨率取决于对四个象限投影的分析检查。
Three species were studied, the rabbit, opossum and rat. Lesions of the main olfactory bulb caused terminal degeneration, assayed by the Fink‐Heimer method, to occur in the ipsilateral olfactory tubercle, prepyriform cortex (including its periamygdaloid part), ventrolateral entorhinal area, and in anterior and posterolateral divisions of the cortical amygdaloid nucleus. The various parts of the ipsilateral anterior olfactory nucleus and the rostroventral end of the anterior continuation of the hippocampus (hippocampal rudiment) also received this projection. Lesions of the accessory olfactory bulb, which receives its sensory input from the vomeronasal (Jacobson's) organ, caused terminal degeneration to occur in the medial amygdaloid nucleus and in a posteromedial part of the cortical amygdaloid nucleus. This projection was conveyed by an accessory olfactory tract, which is accompanied in part of its course by a small nucleus, the bed nucleus of the accessory olfactory tract. The accessory olfactory tract is initially a part of the lateral olfactory tract but becomes increasingly individuated at more posterior levels. It parts company with the lateral olfactory tract at the rostral end of the amygdaloid region, and, in addition to distributing to the medio‐cortical amygdaloid region, it enters the stria terminalis to terminate in the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis in a small region bearing cytoarchitectonic resemblance to the medial amygdaloid nucleus. The topographic segregation of the areas of termination of the olfactory and accessory olfactory (vomeronasal) projections is suggestive of a functional dichotomy in the organization of the olfactory system.A new interpretation of the fundamental subdivisions of the classically described cortico‐medial group of amygdaloid nuclei is evident from these results and was supported by concurrent cytoarchitectonic analysis. It was observed that the medial amygdaloid nucleus (vomeronasal) and the anterior cortical nucleus (olfactory) together form an almost uniform field of small cells. The posteromedial cortical nucleus (vomeronasal) and the posterolateral cortical nucleus (olfactory) form a larger‐celled region. Thus, a quadrantic subdivision of the cortico‐medial area allows two meaningful modes of subdivision, a mediolateral division along a vomeronasal‐olfactory boundary and an antero‐posterior division according to cellular composition. In the context of this analysis, the frequently described posterior extension of the medial amygdaloid nucleus is denied.The origins of the components of the stria terminalis are reviewed in relation to the hypothesis that the segregation of vomeronasal and olfactory pathways is maintained in further projections into the diencephalon. The quadrantic composition of the cortico‐medial area of the amygdala has not been considered in the experimental studies on the origins of the stria terminalis, but resolution of the diencephalic projections of the vomeronasal‐olfactory complex depends upon analytic inspection of the projections from the four quadrants.