Attacks on Steganographic Systems
Attacks on Steganographic Systems
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DOI：
10.1007/10719724_5
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发表时间：
1999-09
期刊：
影响因子：
5.5
通讯作者：
Andreas Westfeld;A. Pfitzmann
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Andreas Westfeld;A. Pfitzmann
大多数用于伪装机密通信的隐写工具都存在根本性的弱点。在实现更安全的隐写算法的过程中，攻击的发展对评估隐写算法的安全性至关重要。我们提出了两种视觉攻击，利用人类的能力，以清楚地区分噪声和视觉模式，和统计攻击，这是更容易自动化。这里提出的视觉攻击证明，至少EzStego v2.0b3，Jsteg v4，Steganos v1.5，和S-Tools v4.0遭受的错误假设，图像数据的最低有效位是不相关的噪声。除此之外，本文还介绍了更客观的方法来检测隐写的统计手段。
The majority of steganographic utilities for the camouflage of confidential communication suffers from fundamental weaknesses. On the way to more secure steganographic algorithms, the development of attacks is essential to assess security. We present bothvisual attacks, making use of the ability of humans to clearly discern between noise and visual patterns, andstatistical attackswhich are much easier to automate.The visual attacks presented here exemplify that at least EzStego v2.0b3, Jsteg v4, Steganos v1.5, and S-Tools v4.0 suffer from the misassumption that least significant bits of image data are uncorrelated noise. Beyond that, this paper introduces more objective methods to detect steganography by statistical means.