Health Risks Associated With Weight Loss and Obesity Treatment Programs
Health Risks Associated With Weight Loss and Obesity Treatment Programs
复制标题
与减肥和肥胖治疗计划相关的健康风险
DOI：
10.1111/0022-4537.00116
复制
发表时间：
1999
影响因子：
3.9
通讯作者：
F. M. Berg
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
F. M. Berg
因为通过减肥来治疗肥胖一直是公共卫生的主要优先事项，所以很多人在任何时候都在努力减肥。许多广泛可用和广泛使用的减肥技术对身体有不利的影响。这篇文章回顾了对有风险的减肥方法的研究，包括处方和非处方减肥药，半饥饿和其他食物限制饮食，胃缩小手术，泻药，泻药，利尿剂，呕吐和禁食。这些减肥方法可能导致一系列严重的健康问题，包括危及生命的疾病和死亡。此外，作者总结了研究，确定减肥本身会导致身体变化，可能对健康不利或可能增加死亡风险。鉴于这些发现，作者提出了一种新的健康方法，通过认识到四种主要的饮食和体重问题的相互关系，即超重、饮食失调、功能失调或饮食失调以及体型偏见，为现实地处理饮食和体重问题提供了一个健全的框架。这一方针认识到，这些问题中的每一个都在日益流行，具有健康风险，需要以无害的方式加以处理。新的范式强调，首先，预防这些问题，提高整体健康和福祉，其次，基于研究的治疗，促进健康，正常饮食，不破坏正常的，内部调节的饮食模式。
Because treating obesity through weight loss has been a major public health priority, a large number of people are trying to lose weight at any given time. Many weight loss techniques widely available and widely used have adverse physical effects. This article reviews the research on risky weight loss methods, including prescription and over-the-counter diet pills, semistarvation and other food restriction diets, stomach reduction surgery, purging, laxatives, diuretics, vomiting, and fasting. These weight loss methods can lead to a range of serious health problems, including life-threatening conditions and death. Additionally, the author summarizes the research establishing that weight loss itself can cause physical changes that may be adverse to health or may escalate the risk of death. Given these findings, the author suggests a new approach toward health, one that provides a sound framework for dealing realistically with eating and weight problems by recognizing the interrelatedness of the four major eating and weight problems: overweight, eating disorders, dysfunctional or disordered eating, and size prejudice. This approach recognizes that each of these problems is increasing in prevalence, has health risks, and needs to be dealt with in ways that do no harm. The new paradigm emphasizes, first of all, prevention of these problems, enhancing overall health and well-being, and second, research-based treatment that promotes healthy, normal eating, and does not disrupt normal, internally regulated eating patterns.