European wild boars and domestic pigs display different polymorphic patterns in the Toll-like receptor (TLR) 1, TLR2, and TLR6 genes
European wild boars and domestic pigs display different polymorphic patterns in the Toll-like receptor (TLR) 1, TLR2, and TLR6 genes
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DOI：
10.1007/s00251-009-0409-4
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发表时间：
2010-01-10
期刊：
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
Edfors, Inger
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bergman, Ingrid-Maria;Rosengren, Johan K.;Edfors, Inger
在过去的十年中，Toll样受体（TLR）已被广泛研究，其在先天免疫中的巨大重要性正在被揭示。在这里，我们报告显着的差异，可能反映了驯化过程和选择压力的差异，野猪和家猪之间TLR基因的单核苷酸多态性（SNP）。对25头野猪（代表3个种群）和15头汉普郡、长白猪和大白色猪的TLR 1、TLR 2和TLR 6开放阅读框进行测序。TLR 1、TLR 2和TLR 6总共分别检测到20、27和26个SNP。在TLR 1和TLR 2中，野猪的SNPs检出率显著低于家猪（P <0.05，P <0.01）。在野猪中，所有三个基因都发现了一个主要的高频单倍型，而家猪中只有TLR 2表现出相同的模式。在所有三个基因中，野猪的非同义（dN）和同义（dS）SNPs的相对频率均低于家猪。此外，在基因之间的多样性的差异被揭示：在多态性位点的平均杂合性显着低于TLR 1和TLR 6在TLR 2。由于它的位置-在结合配体附近-在TLR 6中检测到的非同义SNP之一可能代表蛋白质水平上的物种特异性功能。此外，所研究基因的密码子使用模式偏离了野猪的一般密码子使用模式。
During the last decade, the Toll-like receptors (TLRs) have been extensively studied, and their immense importance in innate immunity is now being unveiled. Here, we report pronounced differences-probably reflecting the domestication process and differences in selective pressure-between wild boars and domestic pigs regarding single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in TLR genes. The open reading frames of TLR1, TLR2, and TLR6 were sequenced in 25 wild boars, representing three populations, and in 15 unrelated domestic pigs of Hampshire, Landrace, and Large White origin. In total, 20, 27, and 26 SNPs were detected in TLR1, TLR2, and TLR6, respectively. In TLR1 and TLR2, the numbers of SNPs detected were significantly lower (P a parts per thousand currency signaEuro parts per thousand 0.05, P a parts per thousand currency signaEuro parts per thousand 0.01) in the wild boars than in the domestic pigs. In the wild boars, one major high frequency haplotype was found in all three genes, while the same pattern was exhibited only by TLR2 in the domestic pigs. The relative frequency of non-synonymous (dN) and synonymous (dS) SNPs was lower for the wild boars than for the domestic pigs in all three genes. In addition, differences in diversity between the genes were revealed: the mean heterozygosity at the polymorphic positions was markedly lower in TLR2 than in TLR1 and TLR6. Because of its localization-in proximity of the bound ligand-one of the non-synonymous SNPs detected in TLR6 may represent species-specific function on the protein level. Furthermore, the codon usage pattern in the genes studied deviated from the general codon usage pattern in Sus scrofa.