Healthy dietary habits in relation to social determinants and lifestyle factors
Healthy dietary habits in relation to social determinants and lifestyle factors
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DOI：
10.1017/s0007114599000409
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发表时间：
1999-03-01
影响因子：
3.6
通讯作者：
Drevon, CA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Johansson, L;Thelle, DS;Drevon, CA
本研究的目的是评估社会地位和生活方式对饮食习惯的重要性，因为这些因素可能影响预期寿命。我们研究了健康饮食习惯的四个指标（水果和蔬菜，纤维，脂肪和Hegsted评分）与性别，年龄，社会经济地位，教育，体育休闲锻炼，吸烟和个人注意保持健康饮食的关系。通过向全国饮食调查中年龄在16-79岁的挪威男性和女性的代表性样本分发自我管理的定量食物频率问卷来收集数据，其中3144名受试者（63%）做出了回答。年龄和女性与健康饮食习惯的指标呈正相关。通过单独评估，教育年限、定期体育休闲锻炼和对保持健康饮食的关注程度与男女健康饮食习惯的所有四个指标呈正相关。社会经济地位、居住地和吸烟习惯与健康饮食习惯的一到三个指标有关。在多元回归模型中，年龄、教育和居住地共同解释了四个饮食指标的1%至9%的变异（R-2）。受教育年限与男性和女性的四项饮食指标中的三项显著相关。通过在模型中加入变量“注意保持健康饮食”，四个饮食指标的R-2增加到4%至15%。在对健康饮食、年龄和居住地的关注进行调整后，受教育年限仍然与妇女的三个饮食指标和男子的一个指标相关。在调整了年龄、教育程度和对健康饮食的关注度之后，城市居住仍然与男性的两个指标相关，但与女性无关。总之，教育与健康饮食的指标有关。注意健康饮食与两性健康饮食习惯的所有四个指标都表现出最强和最一致的关联。这表明，个人偏好可能与社会地位决定因素一样重要。
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the importance of social status and lifestyle for dietary habits, since these factors may influence life expectancy. We studied the association of four indicators for healthy dietary habits (fruits and vegetables, fibre, fat and Hegsted score) with sex, age, socio-economic status, education, physical leisure exercise, smoking and personal attention paid to keeping a healthy diet. Data were gathered with a self-administered quantitative food-frequency questionnaire distributed to a representative sample of Norwegian men and women aged 16-79 years in a national dietary survey, of whom 3144 subjects (63 %) responded. Age and female sex were positively associated with indicators for healthy dietary habits. By separate evaluation length of education, regular physical leisure exercise and degree of attention paid to keeping a healthy diet were positively associated with all four indicators for healthy dietary habits in both sexes. Socio-economic status, location of residence and smoking habits were associated with from one to three indicators for healthy dietary habits. In a multiple regression model, age, education and location of residence together explained from 1 to 9 % of the variation (R-2) in the four dietary indicators. Length of education was significantly associated with three of four dietary indicators both among men and women. By including the variable 'attention paid to keeping a healthy diet' in the model, R-2 increased to between 4 and 15 % for the four dietary indicators. Length of education remained correlated to three dietary indicators among women, and one indicator among men, after adjusting for attention to healthy diet, age and location of residence. Residence in cities remained correlated to two indicators among men, but none among women, after adjusting for age, education and attention to healthy diet. In conclusion, education was associated with indicators of a healthy diet. Attention to healthy diet showed the strongest and most consistent association with all four indicators for healthy dietary habits in both sexes. This suggests that personal preferences may be just as important for having a healthy diet as social status determinants.