Dissociation of wanting and liking for alcohol in humans: a test of the incentive-sensitisation theory
Dissociation of wanting and liking for alcohol in humans: a test of the incentive-sensitisation theory
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DOI：
10.1007/s00213-004-2026-0
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发表时间：
2005-04-01
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Glautier, S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hobbs, M;Remington, B;Glautier, S
基本原理：激励敏感化理论（Incentive sensitisation theory，IST）认为奖励机制由欲望和喜好这两个独立的神经生物学系统组成，依赖性药物使用是控制欲望的系统敏感化的结果，这两个系统可以分离。目的：检验IST预测，即人类对酒精的渴望和喜好可以分离。方法：在三个实验中获得对酒精的渴望和喜欢的测量。实验1研究是否喜欢酒精与水平的希望，索引自我报告每周酒精摄入量。实验2和3也评估了喜欢和想要之间的关联，但在这些实验中，想要也被索引的酒精消费在实验室。实验2使用酒精引发剂量增加了对酒精的需求，以确定喜好是否会受到类似的影响。实验3通过在饮料中掺入吐温来减少对酒精的喜爱，看看是否也会减少对酒精的渴望。结果如下：在实验1-3中，几乎没有发现喜欢和想要酒精之间存在关联的证据，但是，在所有实验中，发现喜欢和想要之间存在微弱的正相关。酒精引发剂量增加了欲望，而喜好没有增加，在实验3中，喜好减少，但同时欲望没有减少。结论：虽然可以观察到想要和喜欢之间的相关性，但这些结果支持IST的论点，即对酒精的想要和喜欢可以在人类参与者中分离。
Rationale: Incentive sensitisation theory (IST) claims that the mechanism of reward is comprised of separate neurobiological systems of wanting and liking, that dependent drug use occurs as a result of sensitisation of the system controlling wanting, and that the two systems can be dissociated. Objective: To test the IST prediction that wanting and liking for alcohol can be dissociated in humans. Methods: Measures of wanting and liking for alcohol were obtained in three experiments. Experiment 1 examined whether liking for alcohol was associated with levels of wanting, as indexed by self-reported weekly alcohol intake. Experiments 2 and 3 also assessed the association between liking and wanting but in these experiments wanting was also indexed by alcohol consumption in the laboratory. Experiment 2 increased wanting for alcohol using an alcohol priming dose to determine whether liking would be similarly affected. Experiment 3 reduced liking for alcohol by adulterating drinks with Tween to see whether wanting would also be reduced. Results: Little evidence for an association between liking and wanting for alcohol was found in Experiments 1-3 but, collapsing across all experiments, a weak positive correlation between liking and wanting was found. However, in Experiment 2. wanting was increased by the alcohol priming dose whereas liking was not and in Experiment 3 liking was reduced without a concurrent reduction in wanting. Conclusions: Although correlations between wanting and liking can be observed these results support the contention of the IST that wanting and liking for alcohol can be dissociated in human participants.