Signatures of echolocation and dietary ecology in the adaptive evolution of skull shape in bats
Signatures of echolocation and dietary ecology in the adaptive evolution of skull shape in bats
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DOI：
10.1038/s41467-019-09951-y
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发表时间：
2019-05-02
影响因子：
16.6
通讯作者：
Santana, Sharlene E.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Arbour, Jessica H.;Curtis, Abigail A.;Santana, Sharlene E.
由于适应新的生态机会，形态多样性可能会迅速出现，但很少观察到性状进化的早期爆发。相反，适应区之间的离散转移模型可能更好地解释跨辐射的宏观进化动力学。为了研究这些过程中的生态多样化的形态多样性的特殊水平的基础，我们使用现代系统发育工具和三维几何形态数据集研究蝙蝠头骨形状的自适应区域变化。在这里，我们报告说，虽然差距是建立在早期，蝙蝠头骨的演变是最好的描述多个自适应区的变化。颅骨和下颌骨之间的移位部分解耦，颅骨的进化更强烈地受到回声定位而不是饮食的驱动。Phyllostomidae，一个营养适应辐射，比所有其他家庭的结合表现出更多的适应区转移。这种模式可能是由生态机会驱动的，并且与口发射器和其他鼻发射器相比，通过向中间颅骨形状的转变而促进。
Morphological diversity may arise rapidly as a result of adaptation to novel ecological opportunities, but early bursts of trait evolution are rarely observed. Rather, models of discrete shifts between adaptive zones may better explain macroevolutionary dynamics across radiations. To investigate which of these processes underlie exceptional levels of morphological diversity during ecological diversification, we use modern phylogenetic tools and 3D geometric morphometric datasets to examine adaptive zone shifts in bat skull shape. Here we report that, while disparity was established early, bat skull evolution is best described by multiple adaptive zone shifts. Shifts are partially decoupled between the cranium and mandible, with cranial evolution more strongly driven by echolocation than diet. Phyllostomidae, a trophic adaptive radiation, exhibits more adaptive zone shifts than all other families combined. This pattern was potentially driven by ecological opportunity and facilitated by a shift to intermediate cranial shapes compared to oral-emitters and other nasal emitters.