Low-cost action cameras offer potential for widespread acoustic monitoring of marine ecosystems
Low-cost action cameras offer potential for widespread acoustic monitoring of marine ecosystems
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DOI：
10.1016/j.ecolind.2021.107957
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发表时间：
2021-10
影响因子：
6.9
通讯作者：
L. Chapuis;Ben Williams;T. A. C. Gordon;S. Simpson
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
L. Chapuis;Ben Williams;T. A. C. Gordon;S. Simpson
水下被动声监测（PAM）在水环境健康监测中的重要性日益增加。标准做法是使用昂贵的水听器来采样音景。它们必须连接到地面记录钻机或使用自主仪器，这需要额外的成本。虽然公民科学项目可以通过增加在世界各地收集的水下记录的数量而对地中海议会产生巨大价值，但缺乏低成本和用户友好的记录硬件。然而，消费级运动相机可能提供了一个可访问的替代传统的水听器，能够捕捉水下声记录。我们评估了两种型号的GoPro水下运动相机部署为PAM记录器的性能。我们测试了这些相机对研究级水听器在一系列热带浅海环境。首先，在远离珊瑚礁栖息地的桑迪区域，我们使用所有三种仪器同时记录了已知声学信号的扬声器回放。然后，我们在不同的珊瑚礁现场进行了重复部署，其中所有三种仪器并排放置，以同时记录相同的自然珊瑚礁音景。我们计算了海洋声景生态学中最常用的8个生态声学指数，并评估了这些指数与水听器相比的可靠性和定量准确性。虽然没有校准，但GoPros捕获的记录可以可靠地计算选定的生态声学指数，包括时间变异性，声学复杂性指数和声学丰富度。从GoPros获得的数据可以在使用相同模型拍摄的记录之间进行有价值的比较，但不能直接与从GoPros获得的数据进行比较。我们概述了使用GoPros收集声景数据的最佳设置。水下运动相机经常被世界各地的海洋科学家，体育爱好者和游客使用。他们捕捉音景录音的能力是通过公民科学在全球扩展PAM的一个有价值的方法。
Underwater passive acoustic monitoring (PAM) is of growing importance for monitoring the health of aquatic environments. Standard practices use expensive hydrophones to sample soundscapes. They must either be linked to surface recording rigs or use autonomous instrumentation which comes at a premium cost. Although citizen science projects could be of great value to PAM by increasing the number of underwater recordings collected around the world, there is a lack of available low-cost and user-friendly recording hardware. However, consumer-grade action cameras potentially offer an accessible alternative to traditional hydrophones, capable of capturing underwater acoustic recordings.We evaluated the performance of two models of GoPro underwater action cameras deployed as PAM recorders. We tested these cameras against a research-grade hydrophone in a range of shallow tropical sea environments. First, in a sandy area away from reef habitat, we took simultaneous recordings of loudspeaker playbacks of known acoustic signals using all three instruments. We then performed repeated deployments on different coral reef sites in which all three instruments were placed side-by-side to record simultaneously the same natural reef soundscapes. We calculated eight of the most commonly used ecoacoustic indices used in marine soundscape ecology, and assessed the reliability and quantitative accuracy of these compared to the hydrophone.Although not calibrated, GoPros captured recordings from which selected ecoacoustic indices could be calculated reliably, including temporal variability, the acoustic complexity index and acoustic richness. Metrics derived from GoPros can be valuably compared between recordings taken using the same model, but are not directly comparable with hydrophone-derived values. We outline the best settings for collecting soundscape data with GoPros.Underwater action cameras are used frequently by marine scientists, sports enthusiasts and tourists around the world. Their capacity to capture soundscape recordings represents a valuable approach for the global expansion of PAM through citizen science.