Long-Term Impacts of Fuelwood Extraction on a Tropical Montane Cloud Forest
Long-Term Impacts of Fuelwood Extraction on a Tropical Montane Cloud Forest
复制标题
薪材开采对热带山地云林的长期影响
DOI：
10.1007/s10021-008-9166-8
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发表时间：
2008
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
A. Huth
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
N. Rüger;G. Williams‐Linera;W. D. Kissling;W. D. Kissling;A. Huth
从天然森林中提取的薪材是许多热带国家农村地区的主要能源来源。虽然薪材提取（即使是低强度）可能会强烈影响天然林的结构和物种组成，但长期研究仍然很少。在这里，我们通过应用基于过程的森林生长模型，估计了对墨西哥韦拉克鲁斯中部热带山地云雾林重复采伐单一树木的潜在长期影响（数百年）。我们模拟了各种可能的采伐方案，不同的采伐木材量和首选树种和大小，并使用一组指标来比较它们对森林规模结构和群落组成的影响。结果表明，采伐对森林结构和群落组成的总体影响随着木材采伐量的增加呈线性增加。即使在低采伐水平，森林规模结构在长期内也变得更加均匀，因为大型古树从森林中消失了，但这些变化可能需要几十年甚至几个世纪。虽然采伐物种的补充受益于采伐，但物种组成转向不用作薪材的树种。我们的研究结果表明，薪柴提取可以对热带山地云雾林产生显著的长期影响。研究结果还为设计自然物种丰富森林的管理策略提供了可能性，从而实现利益相关者的经济需求和生态目标之间的平衡。
Fuelwood extracted from natural forests serves as a principal energy source in rural regions of many tropical countries. Although fuelwood extraction (even low intensities) might strongly impact the structure and species composition of natural forests, long-term studies remain scarce. Here, we estimate the potential long-term impacts (over several hundred years) of such repeated harvesting of single trees on tropical montane cloud forest in central Veracruz, Mexico, by applying a process-based forest growth model. We simulate a wide range of possible harvesting scenarios differing in wood volume harvested and preferred tree species and sizes, and use a set of indicators to compare their impacts on forest size structure and community composition. Results showed that the overall impact on forest structure and community composition increased linearly with the amount of harvested wood volume. Even at low levels of harvesting, forest size structure became more homogeneous in the long term because large old trees disappeared from the forest, but these changes might take decades or even centuries. Although recruitment of harvested species benefited from harvesting, species composition shifted to tree species that are not used for fuelwood. Our results demonstrate that fuelwood extraction can have marked long-term impacts on tropical montane cloud forests. The results also offer the possibility to support the design of management strategies for the natural species-rich forests that achieve a balance between economic needs and ecological goals of the stakeholders.